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The Effects of Physical Function and Genetics on Cognition and Blood Biomarkers in Individuals At-Risk for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	The Effects of Physical Function and Genetics on Cognition and Blood Biomarkers in Individuals At-Risk for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias./
Author:	Gills, Joshua L.
Description:	1 online resource (64 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-04, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International84-04B.
Subject:	Physiology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=29261239click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798352908051

The Effects of Physical Function and Genetics on Cognition and Blood Biomarkers in Individuals At-Risk for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias.
Gills, Joshua L.

The Effects of Physical Function and Genetics on Cognition and Blood Biomarkers in Individuals At-Risk for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias. - 1 online resource (64 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-04, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Arkansas, 2022.

Includes bibliographical references

Alzheimer's disease and related dementia (ADRD) rates are expected to triple by the year 2050. Early detection and specific mitigation efforts are warranted to blunt the alarming rate. Physical function (PF) declines with age, but higher physical function is associated with better cognitive functioning in middle-to- older age individuals. Moreover, greater physical activity (PA) is associated with better global cognition; however, Apoliporotein e4 carriers may not gain the same benefits with exercise. Additionally, plasma phosphorylated tau 217 (p-tau217) has been identified as a novel diagnostic ADRD biomarker which needs further research to examine associations with risk factors. Therefore, the aims of this investigation were (1) Understand if higher physical function clusters produce better cognitive outcomes and blood biomarker profiles compared to lower functioning clusters among at-risk individuals, (2) Evaluate the ApoE gene's mitigating effect on physical activity and blood biomarkers, (3) Examine the associations between risk factors and p-tau217. Participants (n=216;73.1% female; 45-75years) enrolled in the study and completed a DXA scan, venous blood draw, RBANS, handgrip, sit-to-stand power with tendo, dual-task (4-meter and 10-meter), 6-minute walk distance test, nine behavioral risk surveys, and 6 digital cognitive tests. A hierarchal cluster analysis was utilized to identify PF cluster for participants, a one-way ANCOVA was used to assess differences in cognition among clusters. A 2x2 factorial ANCOVA to examine interactions between PA and genetics. A multiple linear regression was used to evaluate risk factors (independent variables) on p-tau217 (dependent variable). Cluster 1 (C1; n =29) was characterized with the highest strength, power, faster dual-task walking time, and higher aerobic capacity, Cluster 3 (C3; n =113) had the lowest values among PF variables, Cluster 2 (C3; n = 74) was in-between C1 and C3. C1 had significantly higher global cognitive, visuospatial scores, digital executive functioning and associative learning compared to C2 (p < 0.05). C3 and C1 had significantly higher values online orientation task and figure recall than C2 (p < 0.05). Moreover, physically active ApoE carriers had lower body mass index scores compared to physically inactive carriers where the opposite was seen among non-carriers (p < 0.05). Lastly, the regression model accounted for 84% of the variance for p-tau217 (p = .01), SF-12 accounted for 9% of that model as the only significant predictor (p < 0.05). The results from this current study demonstrate that individuals with higher physical functioning output among clustered variables have higher global cognitive scores than individuals with lower physical functioning output, lower BMI scores were found among physically active ApoE carriers, and quality of life may be directly linked to ptau217. Examining physical functioning variables together may be a valuable tool when assessing cognitive decline among at-risk individuals. However, larger sample sizes and longitudinal data is needed to substantiate these claims.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2023

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798352908051Subjects--Topical Terms:

518431
Physiology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Alzheimer's diseaseIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

542853
Electronic books.

The Effects of Physical Function and Genetics on Cognition and Blood Biomarkers in Individuals At-Risk for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias.
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245 1 4 $a The Effects of Physical Function and Genetics on Cognition and Blood Biomarkers in Individuals At-Risk for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias.
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520 $a Alzheimer's disease and related dementia (ADRD) rates are expected to triple by the year 2050. Early detection and specific mitigation efforts are warranted to blunt the alarming rate. Physical function (PF) declines with age, but higher physical function is associated with better cognitive functioning in middle-to- older age individuals. Moreover, greater physical activity (PA) is associated with better global cognition; however, Apoliporotein e4 carriers may not gain the same benefits with exercise. Additionally, plasma phosphorylated tau 217 (p-tau217) has been identified as a novel diagnostic ADRD biomarker which needs further research to examine associations with risk factors. Therefore, the aims of this investigation were (1) Understand if higher physical function clusters produce better cognitive outcomes and blood biomarker profiles compared to lower functioning clusters among at-risk individuals, (2) Evaluate the ApoE gene's mitigating effect on physical activity and blood biomarkers, (3) Examine the associations between risk factors and p-tau217. Participants (n=216;73.1% female; 45-75years) enrolled in the study and completed a DXA scan, venous blood draw, RBANS, handgrip, sit-to-stand power with tendo, dual-task (4-meter and 10-meter), 6-minute walk distance test, nine behavioral risk surveys, and 6 digital cognitive tests. A hierarchal cluster analysis was utilized to identify PF cluster for participants, a one-way ANCOVA was used to assess differences in cognition among clusters. A 2x2 factorial ANCOVA to examine interactions between PA and genetics. A multiple linear regression was used to evaluate risk factors (independent variables) on p-tau217 (dependent variable). Cluster 1 (C1; n =29) was characterized with the highest strength, power, faster dual-task walking time, and higher aerobic capacity, Cluster 3 (C3; n =113) had the lowest values among PF variables, Cluster 2 (C3; n = 74) was in-between C1 and C3. C1 had significantly higher global cognitive, visuospatial scores, digital executive functioning and associative learning compared to C2 (p < 0.05). C3 and C1 had significantly higher values online orientation task and figure recall than C2 (p < 0.05). Moreover, physically active ApoE carriers had lower body mass index scores compared to physically inactive carriers where the opposite was seen among non-carriers (p < 0.05). Lastly, the regression model accounted for 84% of the variance for p-tau217 (p = .01), SF-12 accounted for 9% of that model as the only significant predictor (p < 0.05). The results from this current study demonstrate that individuals with higher physical functioning output among clustered variables have higher global cognitive scores than individuals with lower physical functioning output, lower BMI scores were found among physically active ApoE carriers, and quality of life may be directly linked to ptau217. Examining physical functioning variables together may be a valuable tool when assessing cognitive decline among at-risk individuals. However, larger sample sizes and longitudinal data is needed to substantiate these claims.
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