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Examining the Impact of Mercury on Waterfowl With Implications for Human Health and Water Management in Arid Environments.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Examining the Impact of Mercury on Waterfowl With Implications for Human Health and Water Management in Arid Environments./
Author:	Byrne, Morgan A.
Description:	1 online resource (176 pages)
Notes:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 85-01.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International85-01.
Subject:	Ecology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30425399click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798379768553

Examining the Impact of Mercury on Waterfowl With Implications for Human Health and Water Management in Arid Environments.
Byrne, Morgan A.

Examining the Impact of Mercury on Waterfowl With Implications for Human Health and Water Management in Arid Environments. - 1 online resource (176 pages)

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 85-01.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Nevada, Reno, 2023.

Includes bibliographical references

The work described in this thesis provides detailed insight into total mercury concentrations ([tHg]) observed in wood ducks along the lower Carson River watershed in western Nevada. Mercury (Hg) contamination of the Carson River dates back to the Comstock era mines in the late 1800's, where Hg amalgamation methods were used to extract silver and gold from ore deposits. Wood ducks frequently use this river system, and thus may be impacted by the Hg contamination in the system. Mercury is of concern due to the impacts that it has on wildlife and humans; these include neurotoxicity, decreased reproductive success, and physiological and behavioral effects. The objectives for this thesis were to develop a predictive function that could be used to estimate internal waterfowl tissue [tHg] using feather [tHg], and examine the impact of several covariates (i.e., age class, site location, year) and environmental samples on Hg in wood ducks on the Carson River. Feathers were used from an archived data set and tissues obtained in 2020 and 2021 from harvested specimens donated by local hunters. Mercury concentrations ([Hg]) in water, sediment, macroinvertebrates, and terrestrial and aquatic vegetation samples were collected in 2020 and 2021 to assess sources of Hg to wood ducks. Hunter donated samples were used to examine correlations in [Hg] among tissues (feathers, breast and liver tissue) to explore potential nonlethal waterfowl sampling techniques to estimate Hg exposure to hunters. A contemporary Bayesian hierarchical model was used to estimate relationships between feathers and internal tissue [Hg]. A prediction function was developed that allowed for estimation of internal tissue [Hg] using flank feather [Hg]. This model was tested using harvested mallards from Stillwater National Wildlife Refuge. A Bayesian analysis of [Hg] in wood duck data, using archived flank feather samples collected from 2010-2019, was conducted to characterize trends of Hg in this population. Over time, hens (adult females with nests) consistently had lower feather [Hg] than offspring (hatch years observed hatching or in a brood). There was a large increase in feather [Hg] in higher water flow years. Environmental samples collected from 5 field sites, extending from the U.S. Geological Service (USGS) gauge at the Carson River below Lahontan Reservoir to the USGS gauge at Tarzyn Road, demonstrated no spatial trends in [Hg] among sites. However, there were clear temporal trends. As water flows increased between sampling occasions, increases in water and duckweed [Hg] were observed. Based on observed [Hg] measurements, important vectors of Hg to wood ducks occur through duckweed consumption and exposure to contaminated waters. Mercury concentrations in wood duck tissues indicate a consumption advisory is warranted.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2023

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798379768553Subjects--Topical Terms:

516476
Ecology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

MercuryIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

542853
Electronic books.

Examining the Impact of Mercury on Waterfowl With Implications for Human Health and Water Management in Arid Environments.
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504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a The work described in this thesis provides detailed insight into total mercury concentrations ([tHg]) observed in wood ducks along the lower Carson River watershed in western Nevada. Mercury (Hg) contamination of the Carson River dates back to the Comstock era mines in the late 1800's, where Hg amalgamation methods were used to extract silver and gold from ore deposits. Wood ducks frequently use this river system, and thus may be impacted by the Hg contamination in the system. Mercury is of concern due to the impacts that it has on wildlife and humans; these include neurotoxicity, decreased reproductive success, and physiological and behavioral effects. The objectives for this thesis were to develop a predictive function that could be used to estimate internal waterfowl tissue [tHg] using feather [tHg], and examine the impact of several covariates (i.e., age class, site location, year) and environmental samples on Hg in wood ducks on the Carson River. Feathers were used from an archived data set and tissues obtained in 2020 and 2021 from harvested specimens donated by local hunters. Mercury concentrations ([Hg]) in water, sediment, macroinvertebrates, and terrestrial and aquatic vegetation samples were collected in 2020 and 2021 to assess sources of Hg to wood ducks. Hunter donated samples were used to examine correlations in [Hg] among tissues (feathers, breast and liver tissue) to explore potential nonlethal waterfowl sampling techniques to estimate Hg exposure to hunters. A contemporary Bayesian hierarchical model was used to estimate relationships between feathers and internal tissue [Hg]. A prediction function was developed that allowed for estimation of internal tissue [Hg] using flank feather [Hg]. This model was tested using harvested mallards from Stillwater National Wildlife Refuge. A Bayesian analysis of [Hg] in wood duck data, using archived flank feather samples collected from 2010-2019, was conducted to characterize trends of Hg in this population. Over time, hens (adult females with nests) consistently had lower feather [Hg] than offspring (hatch years observed hatching or in a brood). There was a large increase in feather [Hg] in higher water flow years. Environmental samples collected from 5 field sites, extending from the U.S. Geological Service (USGS) gauge at the Carson River below Lahontan Reservoir to the USGS gauge at Tarzyn Road, demonstrated no spatial trends in [Hg] among sites. However, there were clear temporal trends. As water flows increased between sampling occasions, increases in water and duckweed [Hg] were observed. Based on observed [Hg] measurements, important vectors of Hg to wood ducks occur through duckweed consumption and exposure to contaminated waters. Mercury concentrations in wood duck tissues indicate a consumption advisory is warranted.
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653 $a Waterfowl
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