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Elucidating the Effects of Habitat Loss, Fragmentation, and the Matrix Across Populations and Communities Using Landscape-Scale Experiments.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Elucidating the Effects of Habitat Loss, Fragmentation, and the Matrix Across Populations and Communities Using Landscape-Scale Experiments./
Author:	Smith, Thomas Arthur Hooper.
Description:	1 online resource (111 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-01, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International85-01B.
Subject:	Ecology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=29998733click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798379754839

Elucidating the Effects of Habitat Loss, Fragmentation, and the Matrix Across Populations and Communities Using Landscape-Scale Experiments.
Smith, Thomas Arthur Hooper.

Elucidating the Effects of Habitat Loss, Fragmentation, and the Matrix Across Populations and Communities Using Landscape-Scale Experiments. - 1 online resource (111 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-01, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Florida, 2023.

Includes bibliographical references

Habitat loss and fragmentation are leading causes of the worldwide decline in species diversity. These processes are usually accompanied by landscape change in which the intervening lands between remaining habitat, the matrix, are altered. Understanding the effect of these processes on individuals and communities at both the landscape and local scales, and how they are modified by the make-up of this matrix has proven elusive.I employed a series of in-situ field experiments using an established experimental landscape model system. I used three separate experiments to address: 1) the influence of habitat loss and fragmentation on individual autotomy; 2) how local and landscape changes in the matrix affect populations; and 3) the effects of habitat loss, fragmentation, and the matrix on entire communities. Both fragmentation and habitat loss affected the rate of autotomy, with fewer automized individuals in high loss and aggregated fragmented landscapes. Changes in survival of individuals indicate that these differences likely correspond to increased predation efficiency. In terms of scale, local scale effects of the matrix on population size are conditional on the landscape-scale matrix conditions with high-quality landscape matrix obscuring the effect of the local matrix. However, demographic parameters of survival and reproduction corresponded to the local quality of the matrix with population differences driven by increased movement rates in landscapes with high quality matrix. The third experiment shows that landscape community diversity is most affected by habitat loss and removing landscape matrix consistently increased landscape diversity. Fragmentation effects are absent when the entire community is considered; however, the negative effects on diversity for habitat specialists, flying dispersers and primary consumers are hidden by the increases in diversity for matrix generalists, non-flying dispersers, and predators. Our findings reinforce the nuanced and scale-dependent effects of fragmentation and matrix effects. Although I confirm that habitat loss is the major driver of species loss, these experiments indicate that fragmentation and the matrix are vital to understanding species responses to changing landscapes, and these processes cannot be considered independently. Research and conservation should incorporate all three in future large-scale endeavors.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2023

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798379754839Subjects--Topical Terms:

516476
Ecology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

AutotomyIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

542853
Electronic books.

Elucidating the Effects of Habitat Loss, Fragmentation, and the Matrix Across Populations and Communities Using Landscape-Scale Experiments.
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500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-01, Section: B.
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502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Florida, 2023.
504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a Habitat loss and fragmentation are leading causes of the worldwide decline in species diversity. These processes are usually accompanied by landscape change in which the intervening lands between remaining habitat, the matrix, are altered. Understanding the effect of these processes on individuals and communities at both the landscape and local scales, and how they are modified by the make-up of this matrix has proven elusive.I employed a series of in-situ field experiments using an established experimental landscape model system. I used three separate experiments to address: 1) the influence of habitat loss and fragmentation on individual autotomy; 2) how local and landscape changes in the matrix affect populations; and 3) the effects of habitat loss, fragmentation, and the matrix on entire communities. Both fragmentation and habitat loss affected the rate of autotomy, with fewer automized individuals in high loss and aggregated fragmented landscapes. Changes in survival of individuals indicate that these differences likely correspond to increased predation efficiency. In terms of scale, local scale effects of the matrix on population size are conditional on the landscape-scale matrix conditions with high-quality landscape matrix obscuring the effect of the local matrix. However, demographic parameters of survival and reproduction corresponded to the local quality of the matrix with population differences driven by increased movement rates in landscapes with high quality matrix. The third experiment shows that landscape community diversity is most affected by habitat loss and removing landscape matrix consistently increased landscape diversity. Fragmentation effects are absent when the entire community is considered; however, the negative effects on diversity for habitat specialists, flying dispersers and primary consumers are hidden by the increases in diversity for matrix generalists, non-flying dispersers, and predators. Our findings reinforce the nuanced and scale-dependent effects of fragmentation and matrix effects. Although I confirm that habitat loss is the major driver of species loss, these experiments indicate that fragmentation and the matrix are vital to understanding species responses to changing landscapes, and these processes cannot be considered independently. Research and conservation should incorporate all three in future large-scale endeavors.
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