東華大學圖書館 |

Studies of Adaptive Cruise Control Vehicles Based on Empirical Data.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Studies of Adaptive Cruise Control Vehicles Based on Empirical Data./
作者:	Li, Tienan.
面頁冊數:	1 online resource (132 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-09, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International83-09B.
標題:	Civil engineering. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28865780click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798790657924

Studies of Adaptive Cruise Control Vehicles Based on Empirical Data.
Li, Tienan.

Studies of Adaptive Cruise Control Vehicles Based on Empirical Data. - 1 online resource (132 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-09, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Massachusetts Lowell, 2022.

Includes bibliographical references

Emerging automated vehicle (AV) technologies are increasingly being deployed around the world and it is only a matter of time before the transportation landscape changes dramatically. Unfortunately, those changes cannot be well predicted due to the lack of empirical data. But adaptive cruise control (ACC) vehicles are common in the market and can be used to fill this gap. In this thesis, a set of field experiments are proposed to collect the ACC car-following (CF) data. The experiments are carefully designed and executed considering a variety of influential factors in different traffic conditions. Based on the collected data, an in-depth analysis of the ACC behaviors is conducted, which consists of three studies.The first study aims to characterize the empirical microscopic car-following behaviors of a commercial ACC system and understand how ACC behaves in different conditions and the underlying impact mechanism. It is found that for a single ACC: (i) the ACC response time is comparable to human drivers but much larger than the ACC controller time gap and it exhibits small variance, (ii) the ACC response can amplify or dampen an oscillation, (iii) after the oscillation, the stabilization process can exhibit overshooting or undershooting, (iv) these CF behaviors depend largely on the ACC headway setting, speed level, and leader stimulus, which produce the impacts directly and/or indirectly through the mediation of earlier ACC behaviors. For a three-vehicle platoon, the main finding is that the change from one ACC vehicle to the next is progressive for oscillation growth, and regressive for deceleration, acceleration, and overshooting. This implies that in long platoons, oscillation amplitude tends to exacerbate very quickly, which forces ACC vehicles further upstream to apply very strong braking followed by a strong acceleration. This can cause significant overshooting and safety hazards. The second study focuses on the hysteresis and traffic wave features of ACC vehicles in non-equilibrium traffic. Regarding the hysteresis, it is found that (i) CW hysteresis loop is common in ACC systems but CCW loop is rare, (ii) CW loops have profound magnitude, (iii) different ACC systems display different hysteresis features and are distinct from HDV traffic, and (iv) hysteresis is closely related to the delay in ACC's response to leader's speed change. Regarding the traffic wave propagation, it is found the deceleration start wave speed of ACC has a wide range, which is greatly related to the speed and ACC headway setting. Lower speed and large headway both lead to more negative transient waves. The three commercial ACC systems are very different from each other and from human-driven vehicles. The third study presents a comprehensive empirical study on the ACC equilibrium behaviors via the resulting fundamental diagrams. It is found that like human-driven vehicles, ACC systems display a linear equilibrium spacing-speed relationship but the key parameters of these relationships can differ significantly from human-driven traffic depending on input settings: At the minimum headway setting, equilibrium capacities in excess of 3500 vehicles per hour are observed, together with an extremely fast equilibrium wave speed of 100 kilometers per hour on average. These fast waves are unfamiliar to human drivers and may pose a safety risk. The results also suggest that ACC jam spacing can be much larger than in human traffic.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2023

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798790657924Subjects--Topical Terms:

860360
Civil engineering.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Automated vehiclesIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

542853
Electronic books.

Studies of Adaptive Cruise Control Vehicles Based on Empirical Data.
LDR:04820nmm a2200385K 4500 001 2356699
005 20230619080051.5
006 m o d
007 cr mn ---uuuuu
008 241011s2022 xx obm 000 0 eng d
020 $a 9798790657924
035 $a (MiAaPQ)AAI28865780
035 $a AAI28865780
040 $a MiAaPQ $b eng $c MiAaPQ $d NTU
100 1 $a Li, Tienan. $3 3697198
245 1 0 $a Studies of Adaptive Cruise Control Vehicles Based on Empirical Data.
264 0 $c 2022
300 $a 1 online resource (132 pages)
336 $a text $b txt $2 rdacontent
337 $a computer $b c $2 rdamedia
338 $a online resource $b cr $2 rdacarrier
500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-09, Section: B.
500 $a Advisor: Chen, Danjue.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Massachusetts Lowell, 2022.
504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a Emerging automated vehicle (AV) technologies are increasingly being deployed around the world and it is only a matter of time before the transportation landscape changes dramatically. Unfortunately, those changes cannot be well predicted due to the lack of empirical data. But adaptive cruise control (ACC) vehicles are common in the market and can be used to fill this gap. In this thesis, a set of field experiments are proposed to collect the ACC car-following (CF) data. The experiments are carefully designed and executed considering a variety of influential factors in different traffic conditions. Based on the collected data, an in-depth analysis of the ACC behaviors is conducted, which consists of three studies.The first study aims to characterize the empirical microscopic car-following behaviors of a commercial ACC system and understand how ACC behaves in different conditions and the underlying impact mechanism. It is found that for a single ACC: (i) the ACC response time is comparable to human drivers but much larger than the ACC controller time gap and it exhibits small variance, (ii) the ACC response can amplify or dampen an oscillation, (iii) after the oscillation, the stabilization process can exhibit overshooting or undershooting, (iv) these CF behaviors depend largely on the ACC headway setting, speed level, and leader stimulus, which produce the impacts directly and/or indirectly through the mediation of earlier ACC behaviors. For a three-vehicle platoon, the main finding is that the change from one ACC vehicle to the next is progressive for oscillation growth, and regressive for deceleration, acceleration, and overshooting. This implies that in long platoons, oscillation amplitude tends to exacerbate very quickly, which forces ACC vehicles further upstream to apply very strong braking followed by a strong acceleration. This can cause significant overshooting and safety hazards. The second study focuses on the hysteresis and traffic wave features of ACC vehicles in non-equilibrium traffic. Regarding the hysteresis, it is found that (i) CW hysteresis loop is common in ACC systems but CCW loop is rare, (ii) CW loops have profound magnitude, (iii) different ACC systems display different hysteresis features and are distinct from HDV traffic, and (iv) hysteresis is closely related to the delay in ACC's response to leader's speed change. Regarding the traffic wave propagation, it is found the deceleration start wave speed of ACC has a wide range, which is greatly related to the speed and ACC headway setting. Lower speed and large headway both lead to more negative transient waves. The three commercial ACC systems are very different from each other and from human-driven vehicles. The third study presents a comprehensive empirical study on the ACC equilibrium behaviors via the resulting fundamental diagrams. It is found that like human-driven vehicles, ACC systems display a linear equilibrium spacing-speed relationship but the key parameters of these relationships can differ significantly from human-driven traffic depending on input settings: At the minimum headway setting, equilibrium capacities in excess of 3500 vehicles per hour are observed, together with an extremely fast equilibrium wave speed of 100 kilometers per hour on average. These fast waves are unfamiliar to human drivers and may pose a safety risk. The results also suggest that ACC jam spacing can be much larger than in human traffic.
533 $a Electronic reproduction. $b Ann Arbor, Mich. : $c ProQuest, $d 2023
538 $a Mode of access: World Wide Web
650 4 $a Civil engineering. $3 860360
650 4 $a Automotive engineering. $3 2181195
650 4 $a Transportation. $3 555912
653 $a Automated vehicles
653 $a Adaptive cruise control
653 $a Human-driven vehicles
653 $a ACC jam spacing
655 7 $a Electronic books. $2 lcsh $3 542853
690 $a 0543
690 $a 0709
690 $a 0540
710 2 $a ProQuest Information and Learning Co. $3 783688
710 2 $a University of Massachusetts Lowell. $b Civil Engineering. $3 3435959
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 83-09B.
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28865780 $z click for full text (PQDT)