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Vertical Distribution and Temporal Variability of the Mesopelagic Community and Individuals Near Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, USA.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Vertical Distribution and Temporal Variability of the Mesopelagic Community and Individuals Near Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, USA./
作者:	Stock, Nichelle Carmela.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2022,
面頁冊數:	117 p.
附註:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 83-11.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International83-11.
標題:	Aquatic sciences. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=29209133
ISBN:	9798438740285

Vertical Distribution and Temporal Variability of the Mesopelagic Community and Individuals Near Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, USA.
Stock, Nichelle Carmela.

Vertical Distribution and Temporal Variability of the Mesopelagic Community and Individuals Near Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, USA. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2022 - 117 p.

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 83-11.

Thesis (M.S.M.S.)--Savannah State University, 2022.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

The shelf-slope region of the mid-Atlantic Bight off Cape Hatteras, North Carolina has elevated levels of biodiversity among top predators for the U.S. East Coast and is a foraging area for many deep-diving marine mammals that depend on the mesopelagic prey community. Understanding the temporal patterns of individuals within and below the mesopelagic scattering layers and how top predators use these foraging resources has remained limited, especially at depths of the lower portions of the mesopelagic. The purpose of this study was to investigate the vertical distribution and temporal variability of the mesopelagic community and individuals within and below deep scattering layers near Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, U.S.A. A bio-physical mooring package was deployed on the continental slope off Cape Hatteras, NC from 05 March, 2016 to 30 May, 2017 and included a Wideband Autonomous Transceiver (Simrad, WBAT) suspended at 450 m depth with dual 70 kHz transducers oriented upward and downward to provide near whole water column coverage of acoustic backscatter. Single target counts representing relative abundance of large potential prey items, most likely important to foraging top predators, were analyzed. A Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) was performed on community backscatter abundance (NASC) at 10 m intervals to determine if cyclical patterns were present and to what vertical extent. Individual abundance was compared between months, depths, and time periods (dawn, day, dusk, and night) using Kruskal-Wallis Analysis of Variance tests paired with a Bonferroni post-hoc test. A FFT at 600 m depth indicated a cyclical pattern present in backscatter abundance (NASC) at 24 h, likely a result of diel vertical migrators, but there were no 24-h cyclical patterns at 700, 800, or 900 m depth. There was a significant difference between the number of individuals in each depth bin during each time period examined. There was not, however, a difference between the total number of individuals present during each time period in the lower water column. The abundance of individuals was highest from 581-600 m and lowest from 761-780 m. The abundance of individuals began to increase at depths greater than 780 m, where marine mammals frequently conduct foraging dives, and could be due to the presence of near-bottom aggregations or secondary deep scattering layers. This study was the first to use active acoustics to quantify individuals below the deep scattering layers of the shelf break region off the coast of Cape Hatteras, a biological hotspot for fish, marine mammals, and sea birds.

ISBN: 9798438740285Subjects--Topical Terms:

3174300
Aquatic sciences.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Deep scattering layer

Vertical Distribution and Temporal Variability of the Mesopelagic Community and Individuals Near Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, USA.
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300 $a 117 p.
500 $a Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 83-11.
500 $a Advisor: Kaltenberg, Amanda M.
502 $a Thesis (M.S.M.S.)--Savannah State University, 2022.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a The shelf-slope region of the mid-Atlantic Bight off Cape Hatteras, North Carolina has elevated levels of biodiversity among top predators for the U.S. East Coast and is a foraging area for many deep-diving marine mammals that depend on the mesopelagic prey community. Understanding the temporal patterns of individuals within and below the mesopelagic scattering layers and how top predators use these foraging resources has remained limited, especially at depths of the lower portions of the mesopelagic. The purpose of this study was to investigate the vertical distribution and temporal variability of the mesopelagic community and individuals within and below deep scattering layers near Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, U.S.A. A bio-physical mooring package was deployed on the continental slope off Cape Hatteras, NC from 05 March, 2016 to 30 May, 2017 and included a Wideband Autonomous Transceiver (Simrad, WBAT) suspended at 450 m depth with dual 70 kHz transducers oriented upward and downward to provide near whole water column coverage of acoustic backscatter. Single target counts representing relative abundance of large potential prey items, most likely important to foraging top predators, were analyzed. A Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) was performed on community backscatter abundance (NASC) at 10 m intervals to determine if cyclical patterns were present and to what vertical extent. Individual abundance was compared between months, depths, and time periods (dawn, day, dusk, and night) using Kruskal-Wallis Analysis of Variance tests paired with a Bonferroni post-hoc test. A FFT at 600 m depth indicated a cyclical pattern present in backscatter abundance (NASC) at 24 h, likely a result of diel vertical migrators, but there were no 24-h cyclical patterns at 700, 800, or 900 m depth. There was a significant difference between the number of individuals in each depth bin during each time period examined. There was not, however, a difference between the total number of individuals present during each time period in the lower water column. The abundance of individuals was highest from 581-600 m and lowest from 761-780 m. The abundance of individuals began to increase at depths greater than 780 m, where marine mammals frequently conduct foraging dives, and could be due to the presence of near-bottom aggregations or secondary deep scattering layers. This study was the first to use active acoustics to quantify individuals below the deep scattering layers of the shelf break region off the coast of Cape Hatteras, a biological hotspot for fish, marine mammals, and sea birds.
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650 4 $a Acoustics. $3 879105
653 $a Deep scattering layer
653 $a Echosounders
653 $a Mesopelagic
653 $a Single target detection
653 $a North Carolina
690 $a 0792
690 $a 0986
710 2 $a Savannah State University. $b Marine Sciences. $3 2101396
773 0 $t Masters Abstracts International $g 83-11.
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