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Insights into the Role of Kisspeptin and Sex Steroid Hormones in the Control of Reproduction and Metabolism.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Insights into the Role of Kisspeptin and Sex Steroid Hormones in the Control of Reproduction and Metabolism./
作者:	Awe, Olubusayo Ayobami.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2020,
面頁冊數:	164 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-03, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International82-03B.
標題:	Physiology. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28068793
ISBN:	9798662431294

Insights into the Role of Kisspeptin and Sex Steroid Hormones in the Control of Reproduction and Metabolism.
Awe, Olubusayo Ayobami.

Insights into the Role of Kisspeptin and Sex Steroid Hormones in the Control of Reproduction and Metabolism. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2020 - 164 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-03, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Johns Hopkins University, 2020.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

The sex steroidal hormones Estrogen (E2) and Testosterone (T) have been conclusively shown to control reproduction and development of secondary sex characteristics in both male and female vertebrates. From infancy to adulthood, E2 and T play crucial roles in the proper function of the reproductive success of all animals, most notably of course being that of humans. Years of research and studies using knock out gene animal models have identified the key modulators of E2 and T function. The gonadotrophs of the anterior pituitary synthesize and secrete luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) which regulate gonadal development, gametogenesis and the synthesis and secretion of the gonadal steroid hormones. LH and FSH secretion is primarily regulated by gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR) and its GnRH ligand secreted from neurons of the rostral hypothalamus. Recently, kisspeptin (KISS1)/kisspeptin receptor (KISS1R) signaling in GnRH neurons has been shown by our group and others to play an essential role in HPG axis function. However, whether kisspeptin signaling via the Kiss1r could also regulate reproductive function at the level of pituitary is not yet established. We hypothesized and show in this thesis that KISS1R in the pituitary is integral to the proper function of the pituitary. KISS1 signaling in conjunction with the workings of the HPG axis are able to exert powerful effects on the reproductive capabilities of vertebrates. New findings however have begun to implicate sex steroid signaling in functions such as the control of metabolic parameters like glucose homeostasis, adiposity, and energy expenditure. In the clinic, metabolic diseases and infertility as often observed together. Defective E2 and T signaling is now being implicated in clinical cases of metabolic syndrome, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), and type 2 diabetes (TD). Changes in metabolic function are observed in response to gonadectomy, or normal changes such as puberty, menstrual cyclicity and menopause. However, the signals that link reproductive status and metabolic function are not well understood. Because the liver is a major metabolic organ, we hypothesized that hepatic E2/ESR1 signaling regulates proper hepatic function, including the regulation of KISS1 hormonal signals that may serve as a link between the reproductive axis and metabolic function. Finally, we successfully modeled PCOS like metabolic defects of hyperandrogenemia in female mice, by implanting pellets of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in these mice. We then correct the glucose and energy metabolic defects by ablating the androgen receptor in the central nervous system of these mice. These findings offer new insights as well as potential targets into the ability of sex hormones, mediated by Kisspeptin and androgens, to control not only reproduction but also metabolism.

ISBN: 9798662431294Subjects--Topical Terms:

518431
Physiology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Kisspeptin

Insights into the Role of Kisspeptin and Sex Steroid Hormones in the Control of Reproduction and Metabolism.
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