東華大學圖書館 |

Climate Effects on Freshwater Ecological Communities: From Local Species Interactions to Continental Biodiversity Patterns.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Climate Effects on Freshwater Ecological Communities: From Local Species Interactions to Continental Biodiversity Patterns./
Author:	Twardochleb, Laura Anne.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2020,
Description:	219 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-05, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International82-05B.
Subject:	Ecology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28095173
ISBN:	9798684656439

Climate Effects on Freshwater Ecological Communities: From Local Species Interactions to Continental Biodiversity Patterns.
Twardochleb, Laura Anne.

Climate Effects on Freshwater Ecological Communities: From Local Species Interactions to Continental Biodiversity Patterns. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2020 - 219 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-05, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Michigan State University, 2020.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Climate change is altering freshwater habitats in the United States by increasing water temperatures and changing stream flows. These habitat changes can directly impact survival and geographic ranges of ectothermic freshwater organisms through thermal stress and habitat loss, and indirectly through changes to life-history traits such as generation time. Thus, it is likely that many freshwater organisms will be vulnerable to extinction under climate change, and many more will undergo distributional shifts to track their climatic niche, driving large-scale alterations to freshwater biodiversity in the United States. I investigated the effects of climate change on freshwater biodiversity at multiple levels of ecological organization and spatial scales. In Chapter 1, I examined how climate change could alter the survival of predators with different foraging traits. I used experiments to quantify the effects of temperature on predator-prey interactions of freshwater insects and zooplankton living in Southwest Michigan ponds. I found that freshwater insects increased their feeding and growth rates at higher temperatures. Further, predators with sit-and-wait foraging strategies may outperform insects with active strategies in a warming world, because active predators may be more likely than sit-and-wait predators to starve if their prey populations decline as a result of climate warming. In Chapter 2, I investigated how increases in predator feeding and growth rates with climate warming could alter populations of freshwater insects with complex life cycles. Using data from experiments in Chapter 1 and field surveys, I parameterized a consumer-resource population model for damselflies (consumer) and (zooplankton) resource. I used this model to simulate changes in populations with climate warming and found that damselflies shifted their life-history from one to two generations per year and increased their population size. In Chapters 3 and 4, I scaled up my research by investigating the effects of climate change on freshwater insect biodiversity in the contiguous United States. I addressed the limitations of existing biodiversity databases for freshwater insects in Chapter 3 by assembling a database, Freshwater insect occurrences and traits for the contiguous United States (Freshwater insects CONUS). This database contains 2.05 million genus occurrence records for 932 genera in the major freshwater insect orders, at 51,044 stream locations, and life history, dispersal, morphology, and ecology traits for 1,007 insect genera. In Chapter 4, I paired this database with spatial environmental data on climate, hydrology, land cover, and topography of watersheds to assess the climate sensitivity of insect genera across the contiguous United States. Of the 488 insect genera that I examined, insects with erosional flow preference, cold-cool eurythermal preference, and univoltine life-histories, and insects in the orders Plecoptera and Trichoptera are likely the most sensitive to climate change. I also found that watersheds with the highest proportions of sensitive taxa are in the mountain West and Appalachian regions of the United States. These insect genera and regions should be prioritized for further research and protection against losing freshwater biodiversity. I addressed two knowledge gaps that have hindered efforts to conserve freshwater biodiversity in a changing climate, including understanding physiological and demographic consequences of increasing temperatures and relationships between climate and geographic distributions of freshwater insects. Conservation practitioners can use the results of my research to prioritize freshwater organisms and watersheds for protection in a changing climate.

ISBN: 9798684656439Subjects--Topical Terms:

516476
Ecology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Climate change

Climate Effects on Freshwater Ecological Communities: From Local Species Interactions to Continental Biodiversity Patterns.
LDR:05206nmm a2200469 4500 001 2346348
005 20230315102145.5
006 m o d
007 cr#unu||||||||
008 241004s2020 ||||||||||||||||| ||eng d
020 $a 9798684656439
035 $a (MiAaPQ)AAI28095173
035 $a AAI28095173
040 $a MiAaPQ $c MiAaPQ
100 1 $a Twardochleb, Laura Anne. $0 (orcid)0000-0002-8804-9399 $3 3685428
245 1 0 $a Climate Effects on Freshwater Ecological Communities: From Local Species Interactions to Continental Biodiversity Patterns.
260 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 2020
300 $a 219 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-05, Section: B.
500 $a Includes supplementary digital materials.
500 $a Advisor: Zarnetske, Phoebe.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Michigan State University, 2020.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a Climate change is altering freshwater habitats in the United States by increasing water temperatures and changing stream flows. These habitat changes can directly impact survival and geographic ranges of ectothermic freshwater organisms through thermal stress and habitat loss, and indirectly through changes to life-history traits such as generation time. Thus, it is likely that many freshwater organisms will be vulnerable to extinction under climate change, and many more will undergo distributional shifts to track their climatic niche, driving large-scale alterations to freshwater biodiversity in the United States. I investigated the effects of climate change on freshwater biodiversity at multiple levels of ecological organization and spatial scales. In Chapter 1, I examined how climate change could alter the survival of predators with different foraging traits. I used experiments to quantify the effects of temperature on predator-prey interactions of freshwater insects and zooplankton living in Southwest Michigan ponds. I found that freshwater insects increased their feeding and growth rates at higher temperatures. Further, predators with sit-and-wait foraging strategies may outperform insects with active strategies in a warming world, because active predators may be more likely than sit-and-wait predators to starve if their prey populations decline as a result of climate warming. In Chapter 2, I investigated how increases in predator feeding and growth rates with climate warming could alter populations of freshwater insects with complex life cycles. Using data from experiments in Chapter 1 and field surveys, I parameterized a consumer-resource population model for damselflies (consumer) and (zooplankton) resource. I used this model to simulate changes in populations with climate warming and found that damselflies shifted their life-history from one to two generations per year and increased their population size. In Chapters 3 and 4, I scaled up my research by investigating the effects of climate change on freshwater insect biodiversity in the contiguous United States. I addressed the limitations of existing biodiversity databases for freshwater insects in Chapter 3 by assembling a database, Freshwater insect occurrences and traits for the contiguous United States (Freshwater insects CONUS). This database contains 2.05 million genus occurrence records for 932 genera in the major freshwater insect orders, at 51,044 stream locations, and life history, dispersal, morphology, and ecology traits for 1,007 insect genera. In Chapter 4, I paired this database with spatial environmental data on climate, hydrology, land cover, and topography of watersheds to assess the climate sensitivity of insect genera across the contiguous United States. Of the 488 insect genera that I examined, insects with erosional flow preference, cold-cool eurythermal preference, and univoltine life-histories, and insects in the orders Plecoptera and Trichoptera are likely the most sensitive to climate change. I also found that watersheds with the highest proportions of sensitive taxa are in the mountain West and Appalachian regions of the United States. These insect genera and regions should be prioritized for further research and protection against losing freshwater biodiversity. I addressed two knowledge gaps that have hindered efforts to conserve freshwater biodiversity in a changing climate, including understanding physiological and demographic consequences of increasing temperatures and relationships between climate and geographic distributions of freshwater insects. Conservation practitioners can use the results of my research to prioritize freshwater organisms and watersheds for protection in a changing climate.
590 $a School code: 0128.
650 4 $a Ecology. $3 516476
650 4 $a Limnology. $3 545788
650 4 $a Aquatic sciences. $3 3174300
650 4 $a Biology. $3 522710
650 4 $a Conservation biology. $3 535736
650 4 $a Climate change. $2 bicssc $3 2079509
653 $a Climate change
653 $a Community ecology
653 $a Food webs
653 $a Freshwater insects
653 $a Population biology
653 $a Spatial ecology
653 $a Biodiversity
690 $a 0329
690 $a 0404
690 $a 0306
690 $a 0408
690 $a 0792
690 $a 0793
710 2 $a Michigan State University. $b Fisheries and Wildlife - Doctor of Philosophy. $3 2101417
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 82-05B.
790 $a 0128
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2020
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28095173