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Molecular systematics and evolutionary biology of the crayfish subgenus Procericambarus (Decapoda: Cambaridae).

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Molecular systematics and evolutionary biology of the crayfish subgenus Procericambarus (Decapoda: Cambaridae)./
Author:	Crandall, Keith Alan.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 1993,
Description:	436 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 55-11, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International55-11B.
Subject:	Zoology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9417573
ISBN:	9798209252320

Molecular systematics and evolutionary biology of the crayfish subgenus Procericambarus (Decapoda: Cambaridae).
Crandall, Keith Alan.

Molecular systematics and evolutionary biology of the crayfish subgenus Procericambarus (Decapoda: Cambaridae). - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 1993 - 436 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 55-11, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Washington University in St. Louis, 1993.

This item must not be added to any third party search indexes.

A method of intraspecific phylogeny reconstruction is outlined which utilizes restriction site or nucleotide sequence data in a more powerful way than traditional methods of phylogeny reconstruction. The accuracy of this method is tested against maximum parsimony with bootstrapping. The new method is shown to be far superior to maximum parsimony in accurately inferring genealogical relationships when the number of characters in a data set is small. This method is used in conjunction with traditional methods of phylogeny reconstruction to estimate phylogenies of various crayfish species within the genus Orconectes. Nucleotide sequence data from two independent loci, the 16S region of the mitochondrial genome and the ITS2 region of the nuclear ribosomal RNA are used to estimate phylogenetic relationships. From the resulting phylogenies, it is apparent that the current taxonomic designations of these species do not reflect their phylogenetic relatedness based on these gene regions. The methodology to infer geographic modes of speciation proposed by J. D. Lynch is critiqued. The weaknesses of the method include the lack of distinction between historical and current geographic distribution, the assumption of no dispersal, the biases associated with speciation level, and the dependence upon geographic distribution as the sole source of information to infer modes of speciation. The complications of additional factors, such as species concept, ancestral state reconstructions, and additional sources of information are also discussed. The crayfish phylogeny was used to examine the biogeography of the crayfish genus Orconectes. I show that the center of origin for the subgenus Procericambarus is in the Ozark region, while that of the genus Orconectes appears to be in the Eastern Highlands. Furthermore, I show that the radiation of the subgenus Procericambarus appears to be of the Pleistocene epoch, while that of the genus Orconectes is consistent with pre-Pleistocene origins. Ecological and morphological diversity is examined in the subgenus Procericambarus with significant associations detected between large body size and large geographic distribution, as well as burrowing tendencies and broad chelae morphology. Finally, I examine the rare and endangered status of crayfishes from Missouri. I also use this information to assign conservation priorities to aquatic habitats in the Ozark region.

ISBN: 9798209252320Subjects--Topical Terms:

518878
Zoology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Orconectes

Molecular systematics and evolutionary biology of the crayfish subgenus Procericambarus (Decapoda: Cambaridae).
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100 1 $a Crandall, Keith Alan. $3 3685381
245 1 0 $a Molecular systematics and evolutionary biology of the crayfish subgenus Procericambarus (Decapoda: Cambaridae).
260 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 1993
300 $a 436 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 55-11, Section: B.
500 $a Publisher info.: Dissertation/Thesis.
500 $a Advisor: Templeton, Alan.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Washington University in St. Louis, 1993.
506 $a This item must not be added to any third party search indexes.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a A method of intraspecific phylogeny reconstruction is outlined which utilizes restriction site or nucleotide sequence data in a more powerful way than traditional methods of phylogeny reconstruction. The accuracy of this method is tested against maximum parsimony with bootstrapping. The new method is shown to be far superior to maximum parsimony in accurately inferring genealogical relationships when the number of characters in a data set is small. This method is used in conjunction with traditional methods of phylogeny reconstruction to estimate phylogenies of various crayfish species within the genus Orconectes. Nucleotide sequence data from two independent loci, the 16S region of the mitochondrial genome and the ITS2 region of the nuclear ribosomal RNA are used to estimate phylogenetic relationships. From the resulting phylogenies, it is apparent that the current taxonomic designations of these species do not reflect their phylogenetic relatedness based on these gene regions. The methodology to infer geographic modes of speciation proposed by J. D. Lynch is critiqued. The weaknesses of the method include the lack of distinction between historical and current geographic distribution, the assumption of no dispersal, the biases associated with speciation level, and the dependence upon geographic distribution as the sole source of information to infer modes of speciation. The complications of additional factors, such as species concept, ancestral state reconstructions, and additional sources of information are also discussed. The crayfish phylogeny was used to examine the biogeography of the crayfish genus Orconectes. I show that the center of origin for the subgenus Procericambarus is in the Ozark region, while that of the genus Orconectes appears to be in the Eastern Highlands. Furthermore, I show that the radiation of the subgenus Procericambarus appears to be of the Pleistocene epoch, while that of the genus Orconectes is consistent with pre-Pleistocene origins. Ecological and morphological diversity is examined in the subgenus Procericambarus with significant associations detected between large body size and large geographic distribution, as well as burrowing tendencies and broad chelae morphology. Finally, I examine the rare and endangered status of crayfishes from Missouri. I also use this information to assign conservation priorities to aquatic habitats in the Ozark region.
590 $a School code: 0252.
650 4 $a Zoology. $3 518878
650 4 $a Molecular biology. $3 517296
650 4 $a Ecology. $3 516476
653 $a Orconectes
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710 2 $a Washington University in St. Louis. $3 1017519
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 55-11B.
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791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 1993
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9417573