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Interparental Conflict and Threat Appraisals During Adolescence: Identifying Sensitive Periods of Risk for Psychological Maladjustment, Substance use, and Diminished School Adjustment.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Interparental Conflict and Threat Appraisals During Adolescence: Identifying Sensitive Periods of Risk for Psychological Maladjustment, Substance use, and Diminished School Adjustment./
Author:	Mccauley, Devin M. .
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2021,
Description:	158 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-10, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International83-10B.
Subject:	Parents & parenting. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=29050109
ISBN:	9798209936442

Interparental Conflict and Threat Appraisals During Adolescence: Identifying Sensitive Periods of Risk for Psychological Maladjustment, Substance use, and Diminished School Adjustment.
Mccauley, Devin M. .

Interparental Conflict and Threat Appraisals During Adolescence: Identifying Sensitive Periods of Risk for Psychological Maladjustment, Substance use, and Diminished School Adjustment. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2021 - 158 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-10, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Pennsylvania State University, 2021.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Interparental conflict (IPC) is consistently linked to adolescents' disrupted development, particularly when frequent, intense, and poorly resolved. The cognitive contextual framework highlights adolescents' threat appraisals of IPC as key in explaining multi-finality in adolescents' developmental outcomes. Threat appraisals reflect adolescents' concerns that IPC may jeopardize their own safety or that of their family, and have been linked with heightened internalizing problems and diminished self-efficacy, self-esteem, and peer relationships quality. Though substantial evidence supports threat appraisals of IPC as disruptive to adolescent development, the extent to which patterns of risk vary as a function of age remains underexplored and poorly understood. Adolescence is characterized as a time of change and transition, suggesting that patterns of risk from IPC and threat appraisals may not remain static during this developmental period. Furthermore, there may exist sensitive periods of risk which may inform timing of prevention efforts targeting IPC. Accordingly, this dissertation applies a developmental framework to process models IPC in order to assess developmental variation in associations between a) IPC and threat appraisals, as well as threat appraisals and adolescents' b) psychological adjustment outcomes, c) substance use outcomes, and d) overall school adjustment from ages 11 to 16.Study data were drawn from the In-Home subsample of PROSPER (PROmoting School-community-university Partnerships to Enhance Resilience) in which adolescents, mothers, and fathers from 826 two-parent families completed self-report measures of IPC, threat appraisals, and adolescents' developmental outcomes across 5 assessment waves. To address research questions regarding developmental variability in IPC risk, this study applied time-varying effect modeling (TVEM) - a statistical method which estimates regression coefficients as a continuous function of time. In this study, TVEM was applied to evaluate how associations between study variables vary from ages 11 to 16, reflecting early to middle adolescence. Results highlight a number of developmental trends in risk from IPC and threat appraisals. Interparental conflict was significantly associated with adolescents' threat appraisals from ages 11.0 to 15.6, and the strength of the association peaked at age 12.4. Moderation analyses revealed that this association was stronger for girls relative to boys across the developmental range of the study (i.e., 11 to 16). For psychological adjustment outcomes, threat appraisals were consistently linked anxious/depressed symptoms from ages 11.0 to 15.9, and aggressive behaviors from ages 11.3 to 13.6. With regards to substance use outcomes, threat appraisals were significantly associated with increased odds of past-month alcohol use from ages 11.1 to 12.1 only, reflecting a developmental period during which alcohol use initiation carries heightened risk for subsequent substance use and negative health outcomes. Threat appraisals were not associated with increased odds of cigarette use at any age from 11 to 16. Finally, threat appraisals were significantly associated with diminished school adjustment from ages 11.1 to 13.9, a period of time which typically overlaps with the middle school grades.Findings emphasize the importance of applying a developmental framework to IPC research, and reveal developmental variability in a number of risk associations.

ISBN: 9798209936442Subjects--Topical Terms:

3562799
Parents & parenting.

Interparental Conflict and Threat Appraisals During Adolescence: Identifying Sensitive Periods of Risk for Psychological Maladjustment, Substance use, and Diminished School Adjustment.
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500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-10, Section: B.
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502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Pennsylvania State University, 2021.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a Interparental conflict (IPC) is consistently linked to adolescents' disrupted development, particularly when frequent, intense, and poorly resolved. The cognitive contextual framework highlights adolescents' threat appraisals of IPC as key in explaining multi-finality in adolescents' developmental outcomes. Threat appraisals reflect adolescents' concerns that IPC may jeopardize their own safety or that of their family, and have been linked with heightened internalizing problems and diminished self-efficacy, self-esteem, and peer relationships quality. Though substantial evidence supports threat appraisals of IPC as disruptive to adolescent development, the extent to which patterns of risk vary as a function of age remains underexplored and poorly understood. Adolescence is characterized as a time of change and transition, suggesting that patterns of risk from IPC and threat appraisals may not remain static during this developmental period. Furthermore, there may exist sensitive periods of risk which may inform timing of prevention efforts targeting IPC. Accordingly, this dissertation applies a developmental framework to process models IPC in order to assess developmental variation in associations between a) IPC and threat appraisals, as well as threat appraisals and adolescents' b) psychological adjustment outcomes, c) substance use outcomes, and d) overall school adjustment from ages 11 to 16.Study data were drawn from the In-Home subsample of PROSPER (PROmoting School-community-university Partnerships to Enhance Resilience) in which adolescents, mothers, and fathers from 826 two-parent families completed self-report measures of IPC, threat appraisals, and adolescents' developmental outcomes across 5 assessment waves. To address research questions regarding developmental variability in IPC risk, this study applied time-varying effect modeling (TVEM) - a statistical method which estimates regression coefficients as a continuous function of time. In this study, TVEM was applied to evaluate how associations between study variables vary from ages 11 to 16, reflecting early to middle adolescence. Results highlight a number of developmental trends in risk from IPC and threat appraisals. Interparental conflict was significantly associated with adolescents' threat appraisals from ages 11.0 to 15.6, and the strength of the association peaked at age 12.4. Moderation analyses revealed that this association was stronger for girls relative to boys across the developmental range of the study (i.e., 11 to 16). For psychological adjustment outcomes, threat appraisals were consistently linked anxious/depressed symptoms from ages 11.0 to 15.9, and aggressive behaviors from ages 11.3 to 13.6. With regards to substance use outcomes, threat appraisals were significantly associated with increased odds of past-month alcohol use from ages 11.1 to 12.1 only, reflecting a developmental period during which alcohol use initiation carries heightened risk for subsequent substance use and negative health outcomes. Threat appraisals were not associated with increased odds of cigarette use at any age from 11 to 16. Finally, threat appraisals were significantly associated with diminished school adjustment from ages 11.1 to 13.9, a period of time which typically overlaps with the middle school grades.Findings emphasize the importance of applying a developmental framework to IPC research, and reveal developmental variability in a number of risk associations.
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