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Three Essays on Executive Incentive Pay and Causal Inference in Corporate Finance.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Three Essays on Executive Incentive Pay and Causal Inference in Corporate Finance./
Author:	Wang, Xiaolong.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2020,
Description:	113 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-07, Section: A.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International82-07A.
Subject:	Finance. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28261746
ISBN:	9798557036412

Three Essays on Executive Incentive Pay and Causal Inference in Corporate Finance.
Wang, Xiaolong.

Three Essays on Executive Incentive Pay and Causal Inference in Corporate Finance. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2020 - 113 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-07, Section: A.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Claremont Graduate University, 2020.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Determinants of CEO Compensation and Firm Performance - A SurveyReviewing a large set of literature on CEO compensation and firm performance, I find the following. First, institutional and macro-level factors tend to take the first order importance in determining CEO compensation and firm outcome as well as many other factors in corporate finance and corporate governance. Second, relations among the factors that determine CEO compensation and firm outcome are complex and often the exact causal directions are ambiguous. Third, endogeneity is present and it's likely many factors including CEO compensation and firm performance are jointly determined. Fourth, CEO compensation has been mainly characterized in a principal-agent framework and many factors are regarded as either constraining or exacerbating the agency problems.Optimality of Dynamic CEO Compensation and the Endogeneity ProblemOptimal dynamic contract theory postulates that the CEO's portfolio needs to be rebalanced each year to maintain the optimal incentive that implements a targeted effort. Thus, given previous year's incentive, there exists an optimal adjustment that has to be made by the principal in order to maximize firm value. If contracts are optimally written and implemented, it's expected that the derivative of firm value on changes in CEO incentive is zero. I test this hypothesis by estimating the treatment effect of changes in CEO incentive on firm value while controlling for a large set of lagged market, firm, board and CEO characteristics and using the inverse probability-of-treatment weighting method. I also use lagged firm policy variables as proxies for unobserved characteristics such as CEO risk aversion. Part of the results show that there is no significant effect of incentive adjustment on firm value, thus possibly confirming the optimality of CEO incentive contracts. However, there is also evidence that unobserved confoudning exists and the inherent endogeneity may bias the results.Causal Inference in Corporate FinanceI advance a methodology for sound causal inference in corporate finance. I first review three applications of the quasi-experimental methods to study causal relations in corporate finance and argue that ensuring the validity of the quasi-experimental design ironically requires a good amount of knowledge about the underlying causal mechanisms which is so far lacking. Then I argue that the structural equations model provides a systematic framework for causal inference and the complexity and interconnected relations in corporate finance can be an advantage in learning causal relations by applying causal discovery techniques. I also present three methods to estimate causal effects once a better understanding of the underlying causal structure in corporate finance is achieved. Lastly I apply one of the methods to study the marginal contribution of CEO incentive in explaining firm performance beyond a large set of market, firm, board and CEO characteristics as well as lagged firm performance. I find that change in CEO incentive, or the incentive adjustment, has persistent and strong predictive power over Tobin's q, which lends some support to the dynamic contracting theory.

ISBN: 9798557036412Subjects--Topical Terms:

542899
Finance.
Subjects--Index Terms:

CEO compensation

Three Essays on Executive Incentive Pay and Causal Inference in Corporate Finance.
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245 1 0 $a Three Essays on Executive Incentive Pay and Causal Inference in Corporate Finance.
260 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 2020
300 $a 113 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-07, Section: A.
500 $a Advisor: Kniesner, Tom.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Claremont Graduate University, 2020.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a Determinants of CEO Compensation and Firm Performance - A SurveyReviewing a large set of literature on CEO compensation and firm performance, I find the following. First, institutional and macro-level factors tend to take the first order importance in determining CEO compensation and firm outcome as well as many other factors in corporate finance and corporate governance. Second, relations among the factors that determine CEO compensation and firm outcome are complex and often the exact causal directions are ambiguous. Third, endogeneity is present and it's likely many factors including CEO compensation and firm performance are jointly determined. Fourth, CEO compensation has been mainly characterized in a principal-agent framework and many factors are regarded as either constraining or exacerbating the agency problems.Optimality of Dynamic CEO Compensation and the Endogeneity ProblemOptimal dynamic contract theory postulates that the CEO's portfolio needs to be rebalanced each year to maintain the optimal incentive that implements a targeted effort. Thus, given previous year's incentive, there exists an optimal adjustment that has to be made by the principal in order to maximize firm value. If contracts are optimally written and implemented, it's expected that the derivative of firm value on changes in CEO incentive is zero. I test this hypothesis by estimating the treatment effect of changes in CEO incentive on firm value while controlling for a large set of lagged market, firm, board and CEO characteristics and using the inverse probability-of-treatment weighting method. I also use lagged firm policy variables as proxies for unobserved characteristics such as CEO risk aversion. Part of the results show that there is no significant effect of incentive adjustment on firm value, thus possibly confirming the optimality of CEO incentive contracts. However, there is also evidence that unobserved confoudning exists and the inherent endogeneity may bias the results.Causal Inference in Corporate FinanceI advance a methodology for sound causal inference in corporate finance. I first review three applications of the quasi-experimental methods to study causal relations in corporate finance and argue that ensuring the validity of the quasi-experimental design ironically requires a good amount of knowledge about the underlying causal mechanisms which is so far lacking. Then I argue that the structural equations model provides a systematic framework for causal inference and the complexity and interconnected relations in corporate finance can be an advantage in learning causal relations by applying causal discovery techniques. I also present three methods to estimate causal effects once a better understanding of the underlying causal structure in corporate finance is achieved. Lastly I apply one of the methods to study the marginal contribution of CEO incentive in explaining firm performance beyond a large set of market, firm, board and CEO characteristics as well as lagged firm performance. I find that change in CEO incentive, or the incentive adjustment, has persistent and strong predictive power over Tobin's q, which lends some support to the dynamic contracting theory.
590 $a School code: 0047.
650 4 $a Finance. $3 542899
653 $a CEO compensation
653 $a Endogeneity
653 $a Firm performance
653 $a Incentive
653 $a Inverse probability-of-treatment weighting
653 $a Structural equations model
690 $a 0501
690 $a 0511
690 $a 0508
710 2 $a The Claremont Graduate University. $b School of Social Science, Politics, and Evaluation. $3 3541184
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 82-07A.
790 $a 0047
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2020
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28261746