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Noninvasive assessment of autonomic cardiovascular control and fractal analysis.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Noninvasive assessment of autonomic cardiovascular control and fractal analysis./
Author:	Pan, Richard Li-Chern.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 1996,
Description:	117 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 58-08, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International58-08B.
Subject:	Anatomy & physiology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9711108
ISBN:	9780591185232

Noninvasive assessment of autonomic cardiovascular control and fractal analysis.
Pan, Richard Li-Chern.

Noninvasive assessment of autonomic cardiovascular control and fractal analysis. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 1996 - 117 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 58-08, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, School of Graduate Studies, 1996.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Cardiovascular disease remains the leading source of death and illness in the United States. Recent research on this set of disorders has focused on the study of physiological reactivity, which refers to alterations in physiological parameters produced by psychological stress. Cardiovascular reactivity appears to reflect a variety of factors, including heredity and personality, whose effects on cardiovascular responses to stress are mediated by autonomic and neuroendocrine activity. This dissertation examines this application of spectral analysis in relation to two more recently-developed methods for analyzing cardiovascular data: (1) Traditional power spectral analytic methodology for differentiating sympathetic and parasympathetic branches of the autonomic nervous system is compared to the Cross Correlation Method. (2) Spectral Analysis is examined as a means of differentiating two distinct components of the sympathetic nervous system response to stress, namely, alpha- and beta-sympathetic activity. (3) Fractal analysis, a third approach to analyzing beat-to-beat heart rate, is be used to characterize the complexity of interbeat interval dynamics. Our observation on heart rate, respiratory sinus arrhythmia, and finger pulse volume (FPV) supported the utility of Valsalva maneuver strain and release phases as a noninvasive means of manipulating autonomic effects on the heart. However, T-wave amplitude (TWA) and the pulse transit time (PTT) two proposed indices of sympathetic influences, appeared to be affected by changes in either sympathetic or parasympathetic activity. The result show that, for (1) and (2), heart period spectrum was not able to differentiate the changes occurring during and after mental stress: TWA showed significant reduction in frequency interval corresponding to sympathetic activation during mental stress, but was confounded by a reduction in spectral area influenced by parasympathetic activity; PTT showed significant changes in area corresponding to autonomic balance; FPV was mainly under the influence of sympathetic nervous system (low frequency) during mental stress, and parasympathetic influence (high frequency) during recovery period. Result in (3) showed that there is a profound effect of changing the size of analysis windows in dimension estimation. Successful application of the fractal analysis to heart rate variabilities has been demonstrated. This technique has the potential to differentiate levels of cardiovascular reactivity.

ISBN: 9780591185232Subjects--Topical Terms:

3434423
Anatomy & physiology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

heart disease

Noninvasive assessment of autonomic cardiovascular control and fractal analysis.
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245 1 0 $a Noninvasive assessment of autonomic cardiovascular control and fractal analysis.
260 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 1996
300 $a 117 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 58-08, Section: B.
500 $a Publisher info.: Dissertation/Thesis.
500 $a Advisor: Li, John K-J.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, School of Graduate Studies, 1996.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
506 $a This item must not be added to any third party search indexes.
520 $a Cardiovascular disease remains the leading source of death and illness in the United States. Recent research on this set of disorders has focused on the study of physiological reactivity, which refers to alterations in physiological parameters produced by psychological stress. Cardiovascular reactivity appears to reflect a variety of factors, including heredity and personality, whose effects on cardiovascular responses to stress are mediated by autonomic and neuroendocrine activity. This dissertation examines this application of spectral analysis in relation to two more recently-developed methods for analyzing cardiovascular data: (1) Traditional power spectral analytic methodology for differentiating sympathetic and parasympathetic branches of the autonomic nervous system is compared to the Cross Correlation Method. (2) Spectral Analysis is examined as a means of differentiating two distinct components of the sympathetic nervous system response to stress, namely, alpha- and beta-sympathetic activity. (3) Fractal analysis, a third approach to analyzing beat-to-beat heart rate, is be used to characterize the complexity of interbeat interval dynamics. Our observation on heart rate, respiratory sinus arrhythmia, and finger pulse volume (FPV) supported the utility of Valsalva maneuver strain and release phases as a noninvasive means of manipulating autonomic effects on the heart. However, T-wave amplitude (TWA) and the pulse transit time (PTT) two proposed indices of sympathetic influences, appeared to be affected by changes in either sympathetic or parasympathetic activity. The result show that, for (1) and (2), heart period spectrum was not able to differentiate the changes occurring during and after mental stress: TWA showed significant reduction in frequency interval corresponding to sympathetic activation during mental stress, but was confounded by a reduction in spectral area influenced by parasympathetic activity; PTT showed significant changes in area corresponding to autonomic balance; FPV was mainly under the influence of sympathetic nervous system (low frequency) during mental stress, and parasympathetic influence (high frequency) during recovery period. Result in (3) showed that there is a profound effect of changing the size of analysis windows in dimension estimation. Successful application of the fractal analysis to heart rate variabilities has been demonstrated. This technique has the potential to differentiate levels of cardiovascular reactivity.
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