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A Study to Examine the Effects of Resistance Training on Motor Function, Cognitive Performance, Physical Strength, Body Composition, and Mood in Adults with Down Syndrome.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	A Study to Examine the Effects of Resistance Training on Motor Function, Cognitive Performance, Physical Strength, Body Composition, and Mood in Adults with Down Syndrome./
Author:	Phillips, Emily.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2020,
Description:	189 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-01, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International83-01B.
Subject:	Neurosciences. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28642619
ISBN:	9798516074455

A Study to Examine the Effects of Resistance Training on Motor Function, Cognitive Performance, Physical Strength, Body Composition, and Mood in Adults with Down Syndrome.
Phillips, Emily.

A Study to Examine the Effects of Resistance Training on Motor Function, Cognitive Performance, Physical Strength, Body Composition, and Mood in Adults with Down Syndrome. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2020 - 189 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-01, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Ohio State University, 2020.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Adults with Down syndrome are an underserved population at high risk for a host of different pathologies from aging and lack of activity. Resistance training could be one modality that can significantly influence motor skill and cognitive performance based on the evidence that there is a positive association between intellectually stimulating activities (ex. resistance training) and an increase in cognitive performance. Resistance training may also significantly influence a host of different mood and physiological/performance variables in adults with Down syndrome to improve health and day-to-day functionality. Cognition (i.e., the mental process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and senses), is vital for everyday understanding of tasks and interfaces with the environment. Feelings and mood states are also vital for a positive outlook and interactions with other people. This study was designed to address a global question of how resistance training would influence changes in cognition, health metrics, and physical performance capabilities of individuals with Down syndrome. We hypothesized that resistance training would improve cognition, motor function, and mood in adults with Down syndrome. Our secondary hypothesis was that resistance training would improve physical strength in adults with Down syndrome. Understanding the true adaptive effects of resistance training would provide novel findings. In turn, this would help promote a major move forward in the use of this mode of exercise as a therapeutic, health, and fitness modality in this underserved population of people. The participants (n = 11) were men and women clinically diagnosed with Down syndrome (age: 25.8 ± 6.4 years; height: 151.5 ± 8.3 cm; weight: 67.5 ± 13.0 kg). Paired samples t-tests were used to assess differences between BL1a and BL1b to confirm the reliability and validity of the cognitive testing, along with PRE/POST differences between resistance training intervention to determine the effectiveness of the intervention (BL2 to PT). Pearson correlational analysis were used to assess the relationship between the percentage change in post testing variables. The significance in this study was set at p ≤ 0.05. Cognitive performance, motor function, mood, physical strength, body composition, and bone density were measured before and after a 10-week non-linear periodized resistance exercise training intervention using cutting edge cognitive batteries specifically tailored for a wide range of severities of Down syndrome. Findings of this investigation revealed the positive benefits from resistance training for adults with Down syndrome. Notable findings from this study were the evident improvements in gross motor skill functioning, cognitive performance trends, and mood improvements. Motor skill was significantly improved at post-testing with both locomotor and object control skill (p < 0.05). Cognitive performance also showed aspects of beneficial change, specifically regarding executive function and frontal lobe activity assessed via SSP (p < 0.05) and shift behavior (p < 0.05). Mood disturbances were significantly decreased (p < 0.05). All aspects of physical strength and endurance were also improved, i.e., leg press, bench press, sit ups, push ups, and chair sit-to-stand (p <0.05). Lean tissue was also significantly improved (p < 0.05). This is the first study to examine cognitive performance and overall motor skill performance changes in response to resistance training in adults with Down syndrome. Since motor skill functioning has a cognitive component, this connection should be further investigated. Our novel findings also suggest future research to further examine the connection between executive function/frontal lobe activity and resistance training and how this may impact mood and everyday quality of life (i.e., through fMRI, EEG, cognitive testing, etc.). Secondly, this study demonstrated significant improvements in strength and lean mass and confirmed that such benefits due to resistance training for adults with Down syndrome are possible even with a beginning program over 10 weeks. This study is one of the first of its kind but contributes largely to the current literature base. As no negative effects were observed in result to this resistance training, in fact showing many positive benefits, we recommend adults with Down syndrome to participate in resistance training programs on a consistent basis.

ISBN: 9798516074455Subjects--Topical Terms:

588700
Neurosciences.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Down syndrome

A Study to Examine the Effects of Resistance Training on Motor Function, Cognitive Performance, Physical Strength, Body Composition, and Mood in Adults with Down Syndrome.
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520 $a Adults with Down syndrome are an underserved population at high risk for a host of different pathologies from aging and lack of activity. Resistance training could be one modality that can significantly influence motor skill and cognitive performance based on the evidence that there is a positive association between intellectually stimulating activities (ex. resistance training) and an increase in cognitive performance. Resistance training may also significantly influence a host of different mood and physiological/performance variables in adults with Down syndrome to improve health and day-to-day functionality. Cognition (i.e., the mental process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and senses), is vital for everyday understanding of tasks and interfaces with the environment. Feelings and mood states are also vital for a positive outlook and interactions with other people. This study was designed to address a global question of how resistance training would influence changes in cognition, health metrics, and physical performance capabilities of individuals with Down syndrome. We hypothesized that resistance training would improve cognition, motor function, and mood in adults with Down syndrome. Our secondary hypothesis was that resistance training would improve physical strength in adults with Down syndrome. Understanding the true adaptive effects of resistance training would provide novel findings. In turn, this would help promote a major move forward in the use of this mode of exercise as a therapeutic, health, and fitness modality in this underserved population of people. The participants (n = 11) were men and women clinically diagnosed with Down syndrome (age: 25.8 ± 6.4 years; height: 151.5 ± 8.3 cm; weight: 67.5 ± 13.0 kg). Paired samples t-tests were used to assess differences between BL1a and BL1b to confirm the reliability and validity of the cognitive testing, along with PRE/POST differences between resistance training intervention to determine the effectiveness of the intervention (BL2 to PT). Pearson correlational analysis were used to assess the relationship between the percentage change in post testing variables. The significance in this study was set at p ≤ 0.05. Cognitive performance, motor function, mood, physical strength, body composition, and bone density were measured before and after a 10-week non-linear periodized resistance exercise training intervention using cutting edge cognitive batteries specifically tailored for a wide range of severities of Down syndrome. Findings of this investigation revealed the positive benefits from resistance training for adults with Down syndrome. Notable findings from this study were the evident improvements in gross motor skill functioning, cognitive performance trends, and mood improvements. Motor skill was significantly improved at post-testing with both locomotor and object control skill (p < 0.05). Cognitive performance also showed aspects of beneficial change, specifically regarding executive function and frontal lobe activity assessed via SSP (p < 0.05) and shift behavior (p < 0.05). Mood disturbances were significantly decreased (p < 0.05). All aspects of physical strength and endurance were also improved, i.e., leg press, bench press, sit ups, push ups, and chair sit-to-stand (p <0.05). Lean tissue was also significantly improved (p < 0.05). This is the first study to examine cognitive performance and overall motor skill performance changes in response to resistance training in adults with Down syndrome. Since motor skill functioning has a cognitive component, this connection should be further investigated. Our novel findings also suggest future research to further examine the connection between executive function/frontal lobe activity and resistance training and how this may impact mood and everyday quality of life (i.e., through fMRI, EEG, cognitive testing, etc.). Secondly, this study demonstrated significant improvements in strength and lean mass and confirmed that such benefits due to resistance training for adults with Down syndrome are possible even with a beginning program over 10 weeks. This study is one of the first of its kind but contributes largely to the current literature base. As no negative effects were observed in result to this resistance training, in fact showing many positive benefits, we recommend adults with Down syndrome to participate in resistance training programs on a consistent basis.
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