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Application of Bulk Stable Isotope R...

Shipley, Oliver Nicholas.

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Application of Bulk Stable Isotope Ratios to Infer Eltonian Niche Dynamics in Higher Marine Predators.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Application of Bulk Stable Isotope Ratios to Infer Eltonian Niche Dynamics in Higher Marine Predators./
作者:	Shipley, Oliver Nicholas.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2020,
面頁冊數:	262 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-04, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International82-04B.
標題:	Ecology. -
電子資源:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28090513
ISBN:	9798678179197

Application of Bulk Stable Isotope Ratios to Infer Eltonian Niche Dynamics in Higher Marine Predators.
Shipley, Oliver Nicholas.

Application of Bulk Stable Isotope Ratios to Infer Eltonian Niche Dynamics in Higher Marine Predators. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2020 - 262 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-04, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--State University of New York at Stony Brook, 2020.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Evaluating the functional roles that organisms play in ecosystems is guided by knowledge of their ecological niche, the interaction of abiotic and biotic factors that dictate species distributions and their associated interactions across space and time. Knowledge of ecological niches can provide necessary predictions on how ecosystem structure and function may be impacted by current and future environmental stressors, such as human disturbances and global climate change. In this dissertation research I apply carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios of fish tissue along with phylogenetic and animal tracking data to discern ecological niche dynamics in a group of vulnerable marine predators, elasmobranchs (sharks, skates, and rays). I focus predominantly on describing Eltonian niche characteristics, i.e., those relating to interspecies interactions and trophic behavior, and examine how these may have evolved over time. Further, I present new directions in which one may apply light element stable isotope ratios to examine aspects of Eltonian niches in future studies, with broad application to a diverse array of species and study systems.Specifically, this dissertation sheds light on the diversity of environmental, biological, and methodological drivers than can influence the interpretation of stable isotopes in the context of organismal niches. Through a literature synthesis I provide guidance for future studies, which will appropriate the use of tissue carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes to study niches and promote greater comparability between datasets. In application, I suggest that stable isotopes may provide different Eltonian information, relative to more static, traditional approaches such as the analysis of stomach contents. These findings question current paradigms associated with the trophic ecology of the NW Atlantic skate complex, contesting early hypotheses of functional equivalency across the guild. I further explore the idea of functional complementarity, by combining isotopically inferred niche characteristics with phylogenetic comparative analyses. Here, I present some evidence for phylogenetic conservation of isotopic variability in skates, suggesting some aspects of Elton's niche (i.e., resource use diversity) may be conserved across evolutionary time. Next, I illustrate how isotopic diversity of nitrogen isotopes in juvenile sand tiger sharks can serve as a conservative proxy for habitat residency, from which the timing of isotopically distinct habitat transitions can be predicted. Finally, I explore the efficacy of shark tooth collagen stable isotope ratios as potential chronologies for Eltonian niche characteristics, at the individual level, with broad application to wild-sampled individuals and museum archives. Collectively these findings emphasize the utility of stable isotope ratios for inferring many aspects of Eltonian niches and how such approaches can inform species interactions and broader food-web dynamics to guide management of populations, communities, and ecosystems across a broad suite of temporal resolutions.

ISBN: 9798678179197Subjects--Topical Terms:

516476
Ecology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Carbon

Application of Bulk Stable Isotope Ratios to Infer Eltonian Niche Dynamics in Higher Marine Predators.
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245 1 0 $a Application of Bulk Stable Isotope Ratios to Infer Eltonian Niche Dynamics in Higher Marine Predators.
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300 $a 262 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-04, Section: B.
500 $a Advisor: Frisk, Michael.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--State University of New York at Stony Brook, 2020.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a Evaluating the functional roles that organisms play in ecosystems is guided by knowledge of their ecological niche, the interaction of abiotic and biotic factors that dictate species distributions and their associated interactions across space and time. Knowledge of ecological niches can provide necessary predictions on how ecosystem structure and function may be impacted by current and future environmental stressors, such as human disturbances and global climate change. In this dissertation research I apply carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios of fish tissue along with phylogenetic and animal tracking data to discern ecological niche dynamics in a group of vulnerable marine predators, elasmobranchs (sharks, skates, and rays). I focus predominantly on describing Eltonian niche characteristics, i.e., those relating to interspecies interactions and trophic behavior, and examine how these may have evolved over time. Further, I present new directions in which one may apply light element stable isotope ratios to examine aspects of Eltonian niches in future studies, with broad application to a diverse array of species and study systems.Specifically, this dissertation sheds light on the diversity of environmental, biological, and methodological drivers than can influence the interpretation of stable isotopes in the context of organismal niches. Through a literature synthesis I provide guidance for future studies, which will appropriate the use of tissue carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes to study niches and promote greater comparability between datasets. In application, I suggest that stable isotopes may provide different Eltonian information, relative to more static, traditional approaches such as the analysis of stomach contents. These findings question current paradigms associated with the trophic ecology of the NW Atlantic skate complex, contesting early hypotheses of functional equivalency across the guild. I further explore the idea of functional complementarity, by combining isotopically inferred niche characteristics with phylogenetic comparative analyses. Here, I present some evidence for phylogenetic conservation of isotopic variability in skates, suggesting some aspects of Elton's niche (i.e., resource use diversity) may be conserved across evolutionary time. Next, I illustrate how isotopic diversity of nitrogen isotopes in juvenile sand tiger sharks can serve as a conservative proxy for habitat residency, from which the timing of isotopically distinct habitat transitions can be predicted. Finally, I explore the efficacy of shark tooth collagen stable isotope ratios as potential chronologies for Eltonian niche characteristics, at the individual level, with broad application to wild-sampled individuals and museum archives. Collectively these findings emphasize the utility of stable isotope ratios for inferring many aspects of Eltonian niches and how such approaches can inform species interactions and broader food-web dynamics to guide management of populations, communities, and ecosystems across a broad suite of temporal resolutions.
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650 4 $a Ecology. $3 516476
650 4 $a Aquatic sciences. $3 3174300
653 $a Carbon
653 $a Diet
653 $a Niche
653 $a Nitrogen
653 $a Stable isotope
690 $a 0329
690 $a 0792
710 2 $a State University of New York at Stony Brook. $b Marine and Atmospheric Science. $3 1683777
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 82-04B.
790 $a 0771
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2020
793 $a English
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