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Looking for a Bottleneck: Assessment of Factors Influencing Post-Stocking Survival of Advanced Fingerling Walleye Sander vitreus.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Looking for a Bottleneck: Assessment of Factors Influencing Post-Stocking Survival of Advanced Fingerling Walleye Sander vitreus./
作者:	Grausgruber, Emily Elise.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2020,
面頁冊數:	245 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-01, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International82-01B.
標題:	Aquatic sciences. -
電子資源:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=27835102
ISBN:	9798635250891

Looking for a Bottleneck: Assessment of Factors Influencing Post-Stocking Survival of Advanced Fingerling Walleye Sander vitreus.
Grausgruber, Emily Elise.

Looking for a Bottleneck: Assessment of Factors Influencing Post-Stocking Survival of Advanced Fingerling Walleye Sander vitreus. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2020 - 245 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-01, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Iowa State University, 2020.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Walleye Sander vitreus is a highly valued sportfish in North America. In 2001, 3.8 million anglers spent approximately 51.9 million days angling for Walleye (USFWS-USCB 2002). The popularity of Walleye has resulted in situations where demand exceeds supply, which has led to the development and implementation of stocking programs across the United States and Canada to enhance fishing opportunities (Lathrop et al. 2002), rebuild depleted stocks (Johnson et al. 1996; Li et al. 1996), and mitigate poor year classes from variable natural recruitment (Mitzner 1992; Johnson et al. 1996; Jennings et al. 2005; Logsdon et al. 2016; Reed and Staples 2017). However, mortality rates of stocked fishes can vary widely (27-95%; Stein et al. 1981; Buckmeier et al. 2005; Freedman et al. 2012; Weber et al. 2020) and small changes in survival can result in large differences in year-class strength and success of stocking initiatives.Numerous biotic and abiotic factors can influence survival during early life stages of fish, such as transportation and stocking practices (Forsberg et al. 2001; Barton et al. 2003), predation (Santucci and Wahl 1993; Buckmeier et al. 2005; Thompson et al. 2016), available forage (Johnson et al. 1996; Hoxmeier et al. 2006), competition (Le Pape and Bonhommeau 2015; Chase et al. 2016), fish origin (Kellison et al. 2000; Jonsson and Jonsson 2003; Pollock et al. 2007), body size (Litvak and Leggett 1992; Meekan et al. 2006; Grausgruber and Weber in press), and water temperatures (Akimova et al. 2016; Wagner et al. 2017). Furthermore, the aforementioned factors do not act independently of each other, making it challenging to determine their importance. The growth-predation hypothesis predicts that selective mortality should decline as individuals grow and increase in size (Anderson 1988). Increases in size are also associated with decreased predation risk (Post and Evans 1989; Miranda and Hubbard 1994), where larger body size can reduce the chances of predation due to improved maneuverability and swimming speed (Videler 1993). The argument of "bigger-is-better" (Butler 1988; Miller et al. 1988; Litvak and Leggett 1992) has led hatcheries to raise progressively larger fingerling Walleye (Halverson 2008). However, hatchery production is an expensive and labor-intensive process, where production costs are generally positively related to rearing duration and fish size (Wedemeyer 2001). Therefore, it is advantageous to evaluate factors hypothesized to limit post-stocking Walleye survival (e.g., effects of transport duration and handling practices as well as post-stocking predation and starvation) to assess whether rearing larger fingerling Walleye (hereafter referred to as Walleye) is justifiable. The objectives of this dissertation included 1) evaluating relationships between Walleye transport duration with changes in water chemistry parameters, Walleye physiology, and short-term (48 hr) mortality; 2) evaluating whether consumed Walleye total length was related to predator total length, predator gape height, or the probability of predation, as well as assessed whether length distributions varied among stocked, recaptured, and consumed Walleye, and estimate cumulative consumption for up to two months by a suite of piscivores; 3) evaluating diet composition and shifts of stocked Walleye; and 4) use mark-recapture techniques to evaluate the influence of predation, stocking environment, and Walleye physical characteristics on apparent weekly survival of Walleye from stocking until ice cover.For my first objective, I used two approaches (i.e., field and experimental evaluation) to evaluate relationships between Walleye transport duration with changes in water chemistry parameters, Walleye whole blood glucose and plasma cortisol concentrations, and short-term (48 hr) mortality. For the field evaluation, Walleye were transported between 3.5 to 6 hours and stocked into holding cages located at one of six systems. Water quality and Walleye stress (via whole blood glucose and plasma cortisol) and mortality were evaluated prior to, during, and at 0, 2, 24, and 48 hours post-transportation. During transport, water temperatures generally decreased while carbon dioxide concentrations fluctuated between 2.7 and 22.5 mg/L. Walleye whole blood glucose and plasma cortisol concentrations varied by system and time since transport. Changes in carbon dioxide concentrations were associated with changes in whole blood glucose concentrations. However, cumulative survival rates and plasma cortisol concentrations were not associated with water quality parameters or transportation duration. For the experimental evaluation, Walleye were transported either 0, 0.5, 3, or 5 hours and stress and mortality were evaluated up to 48 hours post-transport. Unlike, the field evaluation, the experimental evaluation used a staggered loading protocol to transport all Walleye on the same truck during the same day and allowed us to keep fish densities in each of the transportation truck compartments consistent throughout the experiment. Furthermore, in the experimental evaluation, I evaluated additional water quality parameters, not included in the field evaluation. In the experimental evaluation, total ammonia nitrogen, carbon dioxide, pH, and water temperature increased with transportation duration while the total alkalinity of the transport water decreased. Plasma cortisol and whole blood glucose concentrations of Walleye transported longer durations took longer to decline relative to those not transported. However, water quality parameters were not associated with changes in whole. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest).

ISBN: 9798635250891Subjects--Topical Terms:

3174300
Aquatic sciences.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Diet

Looking for a Bottleneck: Assessment of Factors Influencing Post-Stocking Survival of Advanced Fingerling Walleye Sander vitreus.
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506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a Walleye Sander vitreus is a highly valued sportfish in North America. In 2001, 3.8 million anglers spent approximately 51.9 million days angling for Walleye (USFWS-USCB 2002). The popularity of Walleye has resulted in situations where demand exceeds supply, which has led to the development and implementation of stocking programs across the United States and Canada to enhance fishing opportunities (Lathrop et al. 2002), rebuild depleted stocks (Johnson et al. 1996; Li et al. 1996), and mitigate poor year classes from variable natural recruitment (Mitzner 1992; Johnson et al. 1996; Jennings et al. 2005; Logsdon et al. 2016; Reed and Staples 2017). However, mortality rates of stocked fishes can vary widely (27-95%; Stein et al. 1981; Buckmeier et al. 2005; Freedman et al. 2012; Weber et al. 2020) and small changes in survival can result in large differences in year-class strength and success of stocking initiatives.Numerous biotic and abiotic factors can influence survival during early life stages of fish, such as transportation and stocking practices (Forsberg et al. 2001; Barton et al. 2003), predation (Santucci and Wahl 1993; Buckmeier et al. 2005; Thompson et al. 2016), available forage (Johnson et al. 1996; Hoxmeier et al. 2006), competition (Le Pape and Bonhommeau 2015; Chase et al. 2016), fish origin (Kellison et al. 2000; Jonsson and Jonsson 2003; Pollock et al. 2007), body size (Litvak and Leggett 1992; Meekan et al. 2006; Grausgruber and Weber in press), and water temperatures (Akimova et al. 2016; Wagner et al. 2017). Furthermore, the aforementioned factors do not act independently of each other, making it challenging to determine their importance. The growth-predation hypothesis predicts that selective mortality should decline as individuals grow and increase in size (Anderson 1988). Increases in size are also associated with decreased predation risk (Post and Evans 1989; Miranda and Hubbard 1994), where larger body size can reduce the chances of predation due to improved maneuverability and swimming speed (Videler 1993). The argument of "bigger-is-better" (Butler 1988; Miller et al. 1988; Litvak and Leggett 1992) has led hatcheries to raise progressively larger fingerling Walleye (Halverson 2008). However, hatchery production is an expensive and labor-intensive process, where production costs are generally positively related to rearing duration and fish size (Wedemeyer 2001). Therefore, it is advantageous to evaluate factors hypothesized to limit post-stocking Walleye survival (e.g., effects of transport duration and handling practices as well as post-stocking predation and starvation) to assess whether rearing larger fingerling Walleye (hereafter referred to as Walleye) is justifiable. The objectives of this dissertation included 1) evaluating relationships between Walleye transport duration with changes in water chemistry parameters, Walleye physiology, and short-term (48 hr) mortality; 2) evaluating whether consumed Walleye total length was related to predator total length, predator gape height, or the probability of predation, as well as assessed whether length distributions varied among stocked, recaptured, and consumed Walleye, and estimate cumulative consumption for up to two months by a suite of piscivores; 3) evaluating diet composition and shifts of stocked Walleye; and 4) use mark-recapture techniques to evaluate the influence of predation, stocking environment, and Walleye physical characteristics on apparent weekly survival of Walleye from stocking until ice cover.For my first objective, I used two approaches (i.e., field and experimental evaluation) to evaluate relationships between Walleye transport duration with changes in water chemistry parameters, Walleye whole blood glucose and plasma cortisol concentrations, and short-term (48 hr) mortality. For the field evaluation, Walleye were transported between 3.5 to 6 hours and stocked into holding cages located at one of six systems. Water quality and Walleye stress (via whole blood glucose and plasma cortisol) and mortality were evaluated prior to, during, and at 0, 2, 24, and 48 hours post-transportation. During transport, water temperatures generally decreased while carbon dioxide concentrations fluctuated between 2.7 and 22.5 mg/L. Walleye whole blood glucose and plasma cortisol concentrations varied by system and time since transport. Changes in carbon dioxide concentrations were associated with changes in whole blood glucose concentrations. However, cumulative survival rates and plasma cortisol concentrations were not associated with water quality parameters or transportation duration. For the experimental evaluation, Walleye were transported either 0, 0.5, 3, or 5 hours and stress and mortality were evaluated up to 48 hours post-transport. Unlike, the field evaluation, the experimental evaluation used a staggered loading protocol to transport all Walleye on the same truck during the same day and allowed us to keep fish densities in each of the transportation truck compartments consistent throughout the experiment. Furthermore, in the experimental evaluation, I evaluated additional water quality parameters, not included in the field evaluation. In the experimental evaluation, total ammonia nitrogen, carbon dioxide, pH, and water temperature increased with transportation duration while the total alkalinity of the transport water decreased. Plasma cortisol and whole blood glucose concentrations of Walleye transported longer durations took longer to decline relative to those not transported. However, water quality parameters were not associated with changes in whole. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest).
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