東華大學圖書館 |

Language: English

Help

回圖書館首頁

手機版館藏查詢

Back

Switch To: Labeled | MARC Mode | ISBD

Characterizing Influenza Virus Induc...

Choi, Angela.

Linked to FindBook

Google Book

Amazon

博客來

Characterizing Influenza Virus Induced Host Immune Responses that Protect Against Re-Infection.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Characterizing Influenza Virus Induced Host Immune Responses that Protect Against Re-Infection./
Author:	Choi, Angela.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2021,
Description:	191 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-05, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International82-05B.
Subject:	Microbiology. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28152603
ISBN:	9798684695261

Characterizing Influenza Virus Induced Host Immune Responses that Protect Against Re-Infection.
Choi, Angela.

Characterizing Influenza Virus Induced Host Immune Responses that Protect Against Re-Infection. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2021 - 191 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-05, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 2021.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Influenza, a respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses is still a major public health concern. Although vaccines against influenza virus are available, the viruses' ability to undergo mutational changes can make currently licensed vaccines ineffective. Due to repeated infections and vaccinations, humans acquire increasing levels of immunity towards influenza viruses over time. A better insight into the host immune response in the presence of pre-existing immunity can guide the improvement of current seasonal influenza vaccines, steer the development of universal influenza vaccines as well as suggest antiviral therapies. This thesis was undertaken to characterize the interplay between pathogen and host immune responses in vaccinated or infected hosts that can increase our understanding to induce broad and long-lasting immunity.Using a mouse model, we first characterized the humoral and cellular immune responses that were elicited after a chimeric hemagglutinin (cHA)-based broadly protective influenza virus vaccine. Using a mouse model, we found that sequential vaccination with different types of cHA-vaccine resulted in different levels of humoral and cellular immune responses. Furthermore, we confirmed that adjuvants boosted immune responses and aided protection against influenza virus challenge (Chapter 2). Next, we investigated how host immune responses were modulated after vaccination with an inactivated seasonal influenza vaccine followed by infections with influenza A viruses or bacterial superinfection. We observed that pre-existing immunity can shift correlates of heterosubtypic protection from cellular to humoral in a vaccination and influenza virus reinfection model (Chapter 3). In addition, vaccination and influenza virus infection modulated the host immune responses that correlated with protection against an antigenically distinct pathogen - Staphylococcus aureus (Chapter 4). Overall, we noticed cellular changes in the lung/alveolar space following influenza virus infection. Finally, we analyzed the long-term changes in innate immunity in the virus-exposed lung after resolution of inflammation. In addition, we saw that local administration of a RIG-I agonist could take advantage of virus-induced lung remodeling to enhance protection during re-exposure to antigenically unrelated influenza B virus (Chapter 5).Altogether, this thesis provides information on virus-induced host-immune responses that correlate with protection against antigenically distinct pathogens. These host-immune responses are also affected by pre-existing immunity. The findings discussed in this thesis will help inform future influenza virus vaccine designs, antiviral and adjuvant development that can contribute to broad protection against antigenically diverse pathogens.

ISBN: 9798684695261Subjects--Topical Terms:

536250
Microbiology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Adaptive immunity

Characterizing Influenza Virus Induced Host Immune Responses that Protect Against Re-Infection.
LDR:04271nmm a2200469 4500 001 2278122
005 20210611082026.5
008 220723s2021 ||||||||||||||||| ||eng d
020 $a 9798684695261
035 $a (MiAaPQ)AAI28152603
035 $a AAI28152603
040 $a MiAaPQ $c MiAaPQ
100 1 $a Choi, Angela. $3 3556488
245 1 0 $a Characterizing Influenza Virus Induced Host Immune Responses that Protect Against Re-Infection.
260 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 2021
300 $a 191 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-05, Section: B.
500 $a Advisor: Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo;Schotsaert, Michael.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 2021.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a Influenza, a respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses is still a major public health concern. Although vaccines against influenza virus are available, the viruses' ability to undergo mutational changes can make currently licensed vaccines ineffective. Due to repeated infections and vaccinations, humans acquire increasing levels of immunity towards influenza viruses over time. A better insight into the host immune response in the presence of pre-existing immunity can guide the improvement of current seasonal influenza vaccines, steer the development of universal influenza vaccines as well as suggest antiviral therapies. This thesis was undertaken to characterize the interplay between pathogen and host immune responses in vaccinated or infected hosts that can increase our understanding to induce broad and long-lasting immunity.Using a mouse model, we first characterized the humoral and cellular immune responses that were elicited after a chimeric hemagglutinin (cHA)-based broadly protective influenza virus vaccine. Using a mouse model, we found that sequential vaccination with different types of cHA-vaccine resulted in different levels of humoral and cellular immune responses. Furthermore, we confirmed that adjuvants boosted immune responses and aided protection against influenza virus challenge (Chapter 2). Next, we investigated how host immune responses were modulated after vaccination with an inactivated seasonal influenza vaccine followed by infections with influenza A viruses or bacterial superinfection. We observed that pre-existing immunity can shift correlates of heterosubtypic protection from cellular to humoral in a vaccination and influenza virus reinfection model (Chapter 3). In addition, vaccination and influenza virus infection modulated the host immune responses that correlated with protection against an antigenically distinct pathogen - Staphylococcus aureus (Chapter 4). Overall, we noticed cellular changes in the lung/alveolar space following influenza virus infection. Finally, we analyzed the long-term changes in innate immunity in the virus-exposed lung after resolution of inflammation. In addition, we saw that local administration of a RIG-I agonist could take advantage of virus-induced lung remodeling to enhance protection during re-exposure to antigenically unrelated influenza B virus (Chapter 5).Altogether, this thesis provides information on virus-induced host-immune responses that correlate with protection against antigenically distinct pathogens. These host-immune responses are also affected by pre-existing immunity. The findings discussed in this thesis will help inform future influenza virus vaccine designs, antiviral and adjuvant development that can contribute to broad protection against antigenically diverse pathogens.
590 $a School code: 1734.
650 4 $a Microbiology. $3 536250
650 4 $a Virology. $3 642304
650 4 $a Immunology. $3 611031
650 4 $a Cellular biology. $3 3172791
650 4 $a Epidemiology. $3 568544
650 4 $a Pharmaceutical sciences. $3 3173021
650 4 $a Pathology. $3 643180
653 $a Adaptive immunity
653 $a Bacterial superinfection
653 $a Influenza virus
653 $a Influenza virus vaccine
653 $a Innate immunity
653 $a Virus-host immune responses
653 $a Re-infection prevention
653 $a Re-exposure
653 $a Superinfection
690 $a 0410
690 $a 0720
690 $a 0982
690 $a 0572
690 $a 0571
690 $a 0379
690 $a 0766
710 2 $a Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. $b Microbiology. $3 3194085
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 82-05B.
790 $a 1734
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2021
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28152603