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Life History and Ecology of Invasive...

Dahl, Kristen Ann.

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Life History and Ecology of Invasive Lionfish Populations in the Northern Gulf of Mexico: Impacts to Native Reef Fish Communities and Their Potential Mitigation.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Life History and Ecology of Invasive Lionfish Populations in the Northern Gulf of Mexico: Impacts to Native Reef Fish Communities and Their Potential Mitigation./
Author:	Dahl, Kristen Ann.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2019,
Description:	240 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-05, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International82-05B.
Subject:	Ecology. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28289337
ISBN:	9798691293269

Life History and Ecology of Invasive Lionfish Populations in the Northern Gulf of Mexico: Impacts to Native Reef Fish Communities and Their Potential Mitigation.
Dahl, Kristen Ann.

Life History and Ecology of Invasive Lionfish Populations in the Northern Gulf of Mexico: Impacts to Native Reef Fish Communities and Their Potential Mitigation. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2019 - 240 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-05, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Florida, 2019.

Species invasions have been increasing in frequency and severity in recent decades, furthering the need for research on ecological impacts from invasions and means to mitigate them. The spread of Indo-Pacific lionfish (Pterois spp.) into the northern Gulf of Mexico (nGOM) causes concern, given potential negative impacts on native fish and invertebrate communities. My first objective was to document the progression of the lionfish invasion in the nGOM by monitoring densities among natural and artificial reef habitats. Lionfish density in both habitats exponentially increased from 2010 to 2014, and afterwards stabilized or slightly declined. Density at artificial reefs was two orders of magnitude greater than at natural reefs throughout the study. To characterize trophic impacts of lionfish on native reef fish communities of the nGOM, I report a comprehensive assessment of feeding ecology using traditional diet, stable isotope, and DNA barcoding analyses. Results indicate lionfish are generalist mesopredators that become more piscivorous at larger sizes. However, lionfish exhibit a more varied diet at artificial reefs, where they forage on open substrates away from reef structure. DNA barcoding of unidentified fish prey significantly increased diet resolution and exposed potential cannibalism occurrence. Cannibalism was later confirmed using microsatellite genotyping, and increased in frequency through time, mirroring increases in lionfish density.Next, I estimated age, growth, and condition of lionfish sampled over five years of invasion, with the objective to test for density-dependent effects. Significant declines in mean size-at-age and condition as a function of lionfish density indicated densitydependent effects that were likely due to inter- and intra-specific competition. The increase in these effects through time likely explains the plateauing of nGOM populations in latter years of study.Finally, I conducted a 2-year experiment to examine the effectiveness and ecological benefits of lionfish removals. Removals reduced lionfish densities, but juveniles and adults quickly recruited to cleared reefs, thus removal efforts were insufficient to achieve native reef fish recovery. This work has important implications for invasive lionfish population dynamics and carrying capacity in the nGOM, and data herein will be used to parameterize models estimating the removal effort necessary to mitigate their impacts effectively.

ISBN: 9798691293269Subjects--Topical Terms:

516476
Ecology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Life history

Life History and Ecology of Invasive Lionfish Populations in the Northern Gulf of Mexico: Impacts to Native Reef Fish Communities and Their Potential Mitigation.
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520 $a Species invasions have been increasing in frequency and severity in recent decades, furthering the need for research on ecological impacts from invasions and means to mitigate them. The spread of Indo-Pacific lionfish (Pterois spp.) into the northern Gulf of Mexico (nGOM) causes concern, given potential negative impacts on native fish and invertebrate communities. My first objective was to document the progression of the lionfish invasion in the nGOM by monitoring densities among natural and artificial reef habitats. Lionfish density in both habitats exponentially increased from 2010 to 2014, and afterwards stabilized or slightly declined. Density at artificial reefs was two orders of magnitude greater than at natural reefs throughout the study. To characterize trophic impacts of lionfish on native reef fish communities of the nGOM, I report a comprehensive assessment of feeding ecology using traditional diet, stable isotope, and DNA barcoding analyses. Results indicate lionfish are generalist mesopredators that become more piscivorous at larger sizes. However, lionfish exhibit a more varied diet at artificial reefs, where they forage on open substrates away from reef structure. DNA barcoding of unidentified fish prey significantly increased diet resolution and exposed potential cannibalism occurrence. Cannibalism was later confirmed using microsatellite genotyping, and increased in frequency through time, mirroring increases in lionfish density.Next, I estimated age, growth, and condition of lionfish sampled over five years of invasion, with the objective to test for density-dependent effects. Significant declines in mean size-at-age and condition as a function of lionfish density indicated densitydependent effects that were likely due to inter- and intra-specific competition. The increase in these effects through time likely explains the plateauing of nGOM populations in latter years of study.Finally, I conducted a 2-year experiment to examine the effectiveness and ecological benefits of lionfish removals. Removals reduced lionfish densities, but juveniles and adults quickly recruited to cleared reefs, thus removal efforts were insufficient to achieve native reef fish recovery. This work has important implications for invasive lionfish population dynamics and carrying capacity in the nGOM, and data herein will be used to parameterize models estimating the removal effort necessary to mitigate their impacts effectively.
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653 $a Life history
653 $a Invasive populations
653 $a Gulf of Mexico
653 $a Reef fish
653 $a Migration
653 $a Lionfish
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