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Evaluation of the Intestinal Microbi...

Rhoad, Amy Saville.

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Evaluation of the Intestinal Microbiome and Its Effects on Disease Severity of Toxoplasma gondii Infection.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Evaluation of the Intestinal Microbiome and Its Effects on Disease Severity of Toxoplasma gondii Infection./
Author:	Rhoad, Amy Saville.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2020,
Description:	162 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-07, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International82-07B.
Subject:	Immunology. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28259507
ISBN:	9798557052696

Evaluation of the Intestinal Microbiome and Its Effects on Disease Severity of Toxoplasma gondii Infection.
Rhoad, Amy Saville.

Evaluation of the Intestinal Microbiome and Its Effects on Disease Severity of Toxoplasma gondii Infection. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2020 - 162 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-07, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Wyoming, 2020.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular parasite that is present in 30% of humans worldwide and is a significant health threat in immune compromised individuals. Understanding how changes in the microbiome relate to host response to intestinal infections is important, as it may be possible to manipulate the intestinal microbiome prevent disease. Our hypothesis is the intestinal microbiome composition varies during T. gondii infection, and these variations are associated with disease severity. Since mice with the same genetic background from different suppliers vary in the microbiome composition, we compared cohorts of mice from three suppliers to determine if disease outcomes varied. We infected C57BL/6 mice with T. gondii, and monitored subsequent disease through acute and chronic infection using several metrics including: weight loss, histopathology, parasite load in the spleen, brain and intestine, chronic brain cysts, and the intestinal microbiome composition. We reduced the bacterial component of the intestinal microbiome using broad-spectrum antimicrobials, infected with T. gondii, and evaluated disease severity both within and between vendors. We found that disease severity did not differ between vendors despite differences in microbiome composition. Interestingly, mice treated with antimicrobials had less severe intestinal inflammation and weight loss, even though parasite load did not differ, during acute infection in comparison to untreated mice. Fecal transplants, following antimicrobial treatment, were partially effective in restoring the microbiome composition and was reflected as partial restoration of disease severity. Together these findings suggests that while microbiome differences did not alter disease severity elimination of the microbiome reduces intestinal inflammation.

ISBN: 9798557052696Subjects--Topical Terms:

611031
Immunology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Microbiome

Evaluation of the Intestinal Microbiome and Its Effects on Disease Severity of Toxoplasma gondii Infection.
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520 $a Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular parasite that is present in 30% of humans worldwide and is a significant health threat in immune compromised individuals. Understanding how changes in the microbiome relate to host response to intestinal infections is important, as it may be possible to manipulate the intestinal microbiome prevent disease. Our hypothesis is the intestinal microbiome composition varies during T. gondii infection, and these variations are associated with disease severity. Since mice with the same genetic background from different suppliers vary in the microbiome composition, we compared cohorts of mice from three suppliers to determine if disease outcomes varied. We infected C57BL/6 mice with T. gondii, and monitored subsequent disease through acute and chronic infection using several metrics including: weight loss, histopathology, parasite load in the spleen, brain and intestine, chronic brain cysts, and the intestinal microbiome composition. We reduced the bacterial component of the intestinal microbiome using broad-spectrum antimicrobials, infected with T. gondii, and evaluated disease severity both within and between vendors. We found that disease severity did not differ between vendors despite differences in microbiome composition. Interestingly, mice treated with antimicrobials had less severe intestinal inflammation and weight loss, even though parasite load did not differ, during acute infection in comparison to untreated mice. Fecal transplants, following antimicrobial treatment, were partially effective in restoring the microbiome composition and was reflected as partial restoration of disease severity. Together these findings suggests that while microbiome differences did not alter disease severity elimination of the microbiome reduces intestinal inflammation.
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