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Efficiency of Cassava Peel in Removi...

Adeolu, Adedotun Timothy.

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Efficiency of Cassava Peel in Removing Heavy Metals from an Hospital Sewage Sludge in Ibadan, Nigeria.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Efficiency of Cassava Peel in Removing Heavy Metals from an Hospital Sewage Sludge in Ibadan, Nigeria./
Author:	Adeolu, Adedotun Timothy.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2018,
Description:	22 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-10, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International80-10B.
Subject:	Environmental Health. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=13814388
ISBN:	9781392031094

Efficiency of Cassava Peel in Removing Heavy Metals from an Hospital Sewage Sludge in Ibadan, Nigeria.
Adeolu, Adedotun Timothy.

Efficiency of Cassava Peel in Removing Heavy Metals from an Hospital Sewage Sludge in Ibadan, Nigeria. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2018 - 22 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-10, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Kwara State University (Nigeria), 2018.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

The geometric increase in urbanisation and industrialisation has resulted in drastic increase in the volume of wastewater and sludge which contain contaminants. Hence, the need to remove these becomes imperative. The application of sewage sludge on farmlands is of concern to man owing to the potentials of heavy metals which deteriorate the soil, ground water quality and bioaccumulate in food chains. The use of strain-specific microbial fermentation in the production of organic acids has been extensively studied. However, the use of indigenous microflora toward the bioleaching of heavy metals has not been well researched. This study however assessed the potentials of fermentation extracts from cassava peels in the removal of heavy metals from an hospital sewage sludge. A composite sewage sludge sample was collected from the University College Hospital sewage treatment plant, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Heavy metal concentrations in the sample were determined for Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Chromium (Cr), Nickel (Ni), Cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb) using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (Buck Scientific Model 210 VGP). Source-segregated cassava peels were collected from a market in Ibadan. Aspergillus niger Fermentation Extract (ANFE) of 0.045M, Aspergillus tereus Fermentation Extract (ATFE) of 0.043M and Crude Fermentation Extract (CFE) of 0.055M were obtained each from 50g of cassava peels after 13-day fermentation using acid-producing strains of Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus tereus and indigenous microbial populations respectively; Commercial-grade Citric Acid (CCA) and Commercial-grade Itaconic Acid (CIA) served as controls. The experiment was carried out by adding 10 ml of the extracts and controls at room temperature (28°C) and elevated temperature (45°C), and pH (3- 5) to 3g of the sample each. The mixture was centrifuged after a leaching time of 1-12 days at 1000 rpm for 1hour. The filtrate was analysed for heavy metals concentrations and compared with the standards. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t-test and ANOVA at p>0.05. The heavy metal concentrations (mg/kg) in the sewage sludge were Cu (2.22±0.2), Zn (52.3±0.1), Cr (1.46±0.1), Ni (5.6±0.01) and Pb (1.9±0.1). The values of the recorded concentrations (mg/kg) were below the permissible limits of NESREA of Cu (100), Zn (421), Cr (100), Ni (76) and Pb (164). Optimum heavy metals removal for ANFE at room temperature was achieved on day 12 at pH 3.5 for Zn (74.5%) and at elevated temperature was achieved on day 9 at pH 3.0 for Pb (79.3%) while Optimum heavy metals removal for ATFE at room temperature was achieved on day 12 at pH 3.5 for Ni (78.4%) and at elevated temperature was achieved on day 1 at pH 4.0 for Zn (72.3%). The optimum pH for CFE lies between 3 - 4.5 for Ni (76.2%) at room temperature and Cr (76.6%) at elevated temperature. The concentration of heavy metals removed by CFE was significantly higher than ANFE except (Cr and Ni) at room temperature. ANFE showed higher removal when compared with control, except for Cu, Zn and Ni. ATFE showed higher removal when compared with control, except Cr and Pb. Crude fermentation extract of cassava peel was found to be effective in removing the heavy metals from sewage sludge. Therefore, its use could be embraced and promoted for removing heavy metals from sewage sludge, thus safe disposal could be achieved.

ISBN: 9781392031094Subjects--Topical Terms:

578282
Environmental Health.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Aspergillus niger fermentation extract

Efficiency of Cassava Peel in Removing Heavy Metals from an Hospital Sewage Sludge in Ibadan, Nigeria.
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245 1 0 $a Efficiency of Cassava Peel in Removing Heavy Metals from an Hospital Sewage Sludge in Ibadan, Nigeria.
260 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 2018
300 $a 22 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-10, Section: B.
500 $a Publisher info.: Dissertation/Thesis.
500 $a Advisor: Adewoye, S.O.;Oladimeji, Adebayo O.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Kwara State University (Nigeria), 2018.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a The geometric increase in urbanisation and industrialisation has resulted in drastic increase in the volume of wastewater and sludge which contain contaminants. Hence, the need to remove these becomes imperative. The application of sewage sludge on farmlands is of concern to man owing to the potentials of heavy metals which deteriorate the soil, ground water quality and bioaccumulate in food chains. The use of strain-specific microbial fermentation in the production of organic acids has been extensively studied. However, the use of indigenous microflora toward the bioleaching of heavy metals has not been well researched. This study however assessed the potentials of fermentation extracts from cassava peels in the removal of heavy metals from an hospital sewage sludge. A composite sewage sludge sample was collected from the University College Hospital sewage treatment plant, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Heavy metal concentrations in the sample were determined for Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Chromium (Cr), Nickel (Ni), Cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb) using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (Buck Scientific Model 210 VGP). Source-segregated cassava peels were collected from a market in Ibadan. Aspergillus niger Fermentation Extract (ANFE) of 0.045M, Aspergillus tereus Fermentation Extract (ATFE) of 0.043M and Crude Fermentation Extract (CFE) of 0.055M were obtained each from 50g of cassava peels after 13-day fermentation using acid-producing strains of Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus tereus and indigenous microbial populations respectively; Commercial-grade Citric Acid (CCA) and Commercial-grade Itaconic Acid (CIA) served as controls. The experiment was carried out by adding 10 ml of the extracts and controls at room temperature (28°C) and elevated temperature (45°C), and pH (3- 5) to 3g of the sample each. The mixture was centrifuged after a leaching time of 1-12 days at 1000 rpm for 1hour. The filtrate was analysed for heavy metals concentrations and compared with the standards. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t-test and ANOVA at p>0.05. The heavy metal concentrations (mg/kg) in the sewage sludge were Cu (2.22±0.2), Zn (52.3±0.1), Cr (1.46±0.1), Ni (5.6±0.01) and Pb (1.9±0.1). The values of the recorded concentrations (mg/kg) were below the permissible limits of NESREA of Cu (100), Zn (421), Cr (100), Ni (76) and Pb (164). Optimum heavy metals removal for ANFE at room temperature was achieved on day 12 at pH 3.5 for Zn (74.5%) and at elevated temperature was achieved on day 9 at pH 3.0 for Pb (79.3%) while Optimum heavy metals removal for ATFE at room temperature was achieved on day 12 at pH 3.5 for Ni (78.4%) and at elevated temperature was achieved on day 1 at pH 4.0 for Zn (72.3%). The optimum pH for CFE lies between 3 - 4.5 for Ni (76.2%) at room temperature and Cr (76.6%) at elevated temperature. The concentration of heavy metals removed by CFE was significantly higher than ANFE except (Cr and Ni) at room temperature. ANFE showed higher removal when compared with control, except for Cu, Zn and Ni. ATFE showed higher removal when compared with control, except Cr and Pb. Crude fermentation extract of cassava peel was found to be effective in removing the heavy metals from sewage sludge. Therefore, its use could be embraced and promoted for removing heavy metals from sewage sludge, thus safe disposal could be achieved.
590 $a School code: 2005.
650 4 $a Environmental Health. $3 578282
653 $a Aspergillus niger fermentation extract
653 $a Aspergillus tereus fermentation extract
653 $a Cassava peels
653 $a Crude fermentation extract
653 $a Hospital sewage sludge
690 $a 0470
710 2 $a Kwara State University (Nigeria). $b Environmental Health Sciences. $3 3549876
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 80-10B.
790 $a 2005
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2018
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=13814388