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Antibiotic Use in Food Animals and I...

Landfried, Lauren K.

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Antibiotic Use in Food Animals and Its Impact on Our Food Supply.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Antibiotic Use in Food Animals and Its Impact on Our Food Supply./
Author:	Landfried, Lauren K.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2018,
Description:	119 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-10, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International80-10B.
Subject:	Occupational safety. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=13422759
ISBN:	9781392004791

Antibiotic Use in Food Animals and Its Impact on Our Food Supply.
Landfried, Lauren K.

Antibiotic Use in Food Animals and Its Impact on Our Food Supply. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2018 - 119 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-10, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Saint Louis University, 2018.

This item is not available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses.

Background: Antibiotic resistance is a major public health, occupational, and environmental concern. Overuse or inappropriate use of antibiotics in animal agricultural practices has been implicated in the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. In 2013, the USDA found that goats sent to slaughterhouses had the highest levels of antibiotic residues compared to other food animals. Considering the increasing market share of goat meat, these high levels were worrisome, particularly in the light of the small percentage of goats tested at slaughter compared to beef, swine, and poultry. Objective: The research aims were: 1. To determine the presence/absence of antibiotics in goat meat to assert whether withdrawal times are abided by; 2. To survey small ruminant veterinarians to determine their attitude and behaviors regarding antibiotic prescriptions and use; 3. To interview farmers about their farming practices and antibiotic use and other practices which may impact the health of goats they produce. Methods: In a non-interventional, investigational study, we investigated the rate of antibiotic residues found in goat kidneys from a slaughterhouse in Missouri. We then conducted a cross-sectional survey of goat veterinarians to determine their attitudes and practices regarding antibiotics, recruiting 789 veterinarians. Finally, we interviewed farmers to determine the role small ruminant farmers may have in the high amount of antibiotics found in goats at slaughterhouses. Results: Findings from the goat kidney analyses showed higher amounts of antibiotic residues than was found in the USDA testing, indicating either withdrawal times were not abided by or were incorrect. The results from the veterinary surveys showed that while Missouri veterinarians did not prescribe aminoglycosides (a drug of concern from the kidney analyses), they were used less for preventative reasons, had relatively less experience, and did not participate in continuing educations as often as veterinarians from other states, indicating that more experience and education may help in minimizing inappropriate use of antibiotics in goats. The farmer interviews revealed that most of them did not feel that the veterinarians were as knowledgeable in goat medicine as they would have preferred and thus did not always see their value in providing the guidance for antibiotic use. Implications for public health: These findings could be useful to foster a more proactive approach in reducing antibiotic resistance through more emphasis on antibiotic resistance prevention and relational skills with farmers during veterinary education, so veterinarians can in turn educate farmers about appropriate use of antibiotics. Through prudent use of antibiotics, perhaps we can reduce the spread of antibiotic resistant bacteria and thus improve public health.

ISBN: 9781392004791Subjects--Topical Terms:

3172193
Occupational safety.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Antibiotic resistance

Antibiotic Use in Food Animals and Its Impact on Our Food Supply.
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245 1 0 $a Antibiotic Use in Food Animals and Its Impact on Our Food Supply.
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300 $a 119 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-10, Section: B.
500 $a Publisher info.: Dissertation/Thesis.
500 $a Advisor: Lewis, Roger D.;Baskin, Carole R.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Saint Louis University, 2018.
506 $a This item is not available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a Background: Antibiotic resistance is a major public health, occupational, and environmental concern. Overuse or inappropriate use of antibiotics in animal agricultural practices has been implicated in the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. In 2013, the USDA found that goats sent to slaughterhouses had the highest levels of antibiotic residues compared to other food animals. Considering the increasing market share of goat meat, these high levels were worrisome, particularly in the light of the small percentage of goats tested at slaughter compared to beef, swine, and poultry. Objective: The research aims were: 1. To determine the presence/absence of antibiotics in goat meat to assert whether withdrawal times are abided by; 2. To survey small ruminant veterinarians to determine their attitude and behaviors regarding antibiotic prescriptions and use; 3. To interview farmers about their farming practices and antibiotic use and other practices which may impact the health of goats they produce. Methods: In a non-interventional, investigational study, we investigated the rate of antibiotic residues found in goat kidneys from a slaughterhouse in Missouri. We then conducted a cross-sectional survey of goat veterinarians to determine their attitudes and practices regarding antibiotics, recruiting 789 veterinarians. Finally, we interviewed farmers to determine the role small ruminant farmers may have in the high amount of antibiotics found in goats at slaughterhouses. Results: Findings from the goat kidney analyses showed higher amounts of antibiotic residues than was found in the USDA testing, indicating either withdrawal times were not abided by or were incorrect. The results from the veterinary surveys showed that while Missouri veterinarians did not prescribe aminoglycosides (a drug of concern from the kidney analyses), they were used less for preventative reasons, had relatively less experience, and did not participate in continuing educations as often as veterinarians from other states, indicating that more experience and education may help in minimizing inappropriate use of antibiotics in goats. The farmer interviews revealed that most of them did not feel that the veterinarians were as knowledgeable in goat medicine as they would have preferred and thus did not always see their value in providing the guidance for antibiotic use. Implications for public health: These findings could be useful to foster a more proactive approach in reducing antibiotic resistance through more emphasis on antibiotic resistance prevention and relational skills with farmers during veterinary education, so veterinarians can in turn educate farmers about appropriate use of antibiotics. Through prudent use of antibiotics, perhaps we can reduce the spread of antibiotic resistant bacteria and thus improve public health.
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650 4 $a Environmental Health. $3 578282
650 4 $a Public health. $3 534748
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653 $a Educate farmers
653 $a Growth promoters
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690 $a 0470
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710 2 $a Saint Louis University. $b Public Health Studies. $3 3549773
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