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Cardiovascular Disease Risk Markers ...

Mahdavi, Sara.

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Cardiovascular Disease Risk Markers in Young Adults: 9p21 Genotype, Plasma Proteomics and Dietary Patterns.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Cardiovascular Disease Risk Markers in Young Adults: 9p21 Genotype, Plasma Proteomics and Dietary Patterns./
Author:	Mahdavi, Sara.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2018,
Description:	159 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-06, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International80-06B.
Subject:	Genetics. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10930436
ISBN:	9780438683174

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Markers in Young Adults: 9p21 Genotype, Plasma Proteomics and Dietary Patterns.
Mahdavi, Sara.

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Markers in Young Adults: 9p21 Genotype, Plasma Proteomics and Dietary Patterns. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2018 - 159 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-06, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Toronto (Canada), 2018.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Background: 9p21single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and to a lesser extend insulin sensitivity. Mechanisms by which 9p21 contributes to CVD development remain unknown since no annotated proteins are present. Previous studies have been in older, diseased-populations, and few have examined gene-diet interactions or the plasma proteome. Objective: To determine the association of 9p21 SNPs with traditional and emerging biomarkers of CVD risk in a diverse ethnocultural group of young-adults and assess if habitual dietary patterns modify these associations. Methods: Subjects were 1,639 young adults, from the Toronto Nutrigenomics and Health Study. Five 9p21 SNPs were genotyped. Traditional and emerging biomarkers of CVD risk were assessed from fasting blood. Dietary patterns were determined using principal components analysis with a 196-item food frequency questionnaire. Linear regression was used to assess all associations. Results: 9p21 high-risk alleles were associated with higher fasting insulin, especially in women not on hormonal contraceptives (HC). Consuming a Prudent diet was associated with a lower mean fasting insulin in homozygous carriers of risk alleles, but no associations were found with diet in non-risk alleles carriers. Gene-diet interactions were associated with lower HOMA-IR with five SNPs and lower HOMA-Beta with one SNP. When analyzing the plasma proteome; in Caucasians, risk alleles from four SNPs were associated with higher Apolipoprotein-E and two with higher Haptoglobin; while in East Asians, three SNPs were associated with higher α-1b-Glycoprotein concentrations; two with higher Apolipoprotein-B-100 and one with higher Apolipoprotein-E and Haptoglobin and in South Asians, one was associated with higher Apolipoprotein-B-100. Conclusion: 9p21 genotypes were associated with markers of insulin sensitivity and plasma proteins, which varied by ethnicity, sex and HC use. The 9p21 genotype associations with insulin markers were modifiable by a Prudent dietary pattern in the high-genetic risk group only.

ISBN: 9780438683174Subjects--Topical Terms:

530508
Genetics.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Emerging biomarkers

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Markers in Young Adults: 9p21 Genotype, Plasma Proteomics and Dietary Patterns.
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245 1 0 $a Cardiovascular Disease Risk Markers in Young Adults: 9p21 Genotype, Plasma Proteomics and Dietary Patterns.
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500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-06, Section: B.
500 $a Publisher info.: Dissertation/Thesis.
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502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Toronto (Canada), 2018.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a Background: 9p21single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and to a lesser extend insulin sensitivity. Mechanisms by which 9p21 contributes to CVD development remain unknown since no annotated proteins are present. Previous studies have been in older, diseased-populations, and few have examined gene-diet interactions or the plasma proteome. Objective: To determine the association of 9p21 SNPs with traditional and emerging biomarkers of CVD risk in a diverse ethnocultural group of young-adults and assess if habitual dietary patterns modify these associations. Methods: Subjects were 1,639 young adults, from the Toronto Nutrigenomics and Health Study. Five 9p21 SNPs were genotyped. Traditional and emerging biomarkers of CVD risk were assessed from fasting blood. Dietary patterns were determined using principal components analysis with a 196-item food frequency questionnaire. Linear regression was used to assess all associations. Results: 9p21 high-risk alleles were associated with higher fasting insulin, especially in women not on hormonal contraceptives (HC). Consuming a Prudent diet was associated with a lower mean fasting insulin in homozygous carriers of risk alleles, but no associations were found with diet in non-risk alleles carriers. Gene-diet interactions were associated with lower HOMA-IR with five SNPs and lower HOMA-Beta with one SNP. When analyzing the plasma proteome; in Caucasians, risk alleles from four SNPs were associated with higher Apolipoprotein-E and two with higher Haptoglobin; while in East Asians, three SNPs were associated with higher α-1b-Glycoprotein concentrations; two with higher Apolipoprotein-B-100 and one with higher Apolipoprotein-E and Haptoglobin and in South Asians, one was associated with higher Apolipoprotein-B-100. Conclusion: 9p21 genotypes were associated with markers of insulin sensitivity and plasma proteins, which varied by ethnicity, sex and HC use. The 9p21 genotype associations with insulin markers were modifiable by a Prudent dietary pattern in the high-genetic risk group only.
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