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Wall of exclusion: The persistence o...

Carman, Greg J.

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Wall of exclusion: The persistence of residential racial segregation in metropolitan Milwaukee.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Wall of exclusion: The persistence of residential racial segregation in metropolitan Milwaukee./
Author:	Carman, Greg J.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2010,
Description:	241 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 72-03, Section: A.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International72-03A.
Subject:	African American Studies. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3416607
ISBN:	9781124113449

Wall of exclusion: The persistence of residential racial segregation in metropolitan Milwaukee.
Carman, Greg J.

Wall of exclusion: The persistence of residential racial segregation in metropolitan Milwaukee. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2010 - 241 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 72-03, Section: A.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee, 2010.

Milwaukee was different from other northern industrial communities in that its African American population grew after World War II, much later than other northern industrial communities, who saw their African American populations rise during the first and second Great Migrations, during World War I and its immediate aftermath and World War II, respectively. Milwaukee's African American population did not reach more than 10% of the total population until 1970 and did not become a majority/minority city until 2000. Despite this late growth in the African American population, racial segregation was uncommonly high in metropolitan Milwaukee, both in the city proper and its suburbs. The passage of the Federal Fair Housing Act of 1968 (FFHA) occurred practically concurrent with the sharpest rise in black population in Milwaukee, but the availability of this potentially potent legal remedy did not seem to have had any impact on African Americans' access to housing in the metropolitan area. Why, then, did Milwaukee's belatedly burgeoning black population confront seemingly insuperable barriers to residential racial integration at the very time the legal landscape seemed most amenable to black homeownership in white residential areas? This dissertation argues that a lethal combination of virulent racism, economic and social discrimination, and institutional barriers contributed to residential racial segregation in metropolitan Milwaukee. Using census data, an overview of suburban zoning codes, an analysis of state laws regarding annexation and incorporation, and oral history interviews, this dissertation argues that African Americans' choice in housing was not unfettered, as contemplated by the FFHA, but was constrained by both individual racism and institutional barriers, most notably exclusionary zoning ordinances, that combined to erect a wall of exclusion around Milwaukee's suburbs. By doing so, this study addresses the issue of the paucity of black suburbanization in metropolitan Milwaukee.

ISBN: 9781124113449Subjects--Topical Terms:

1669123
African American Studies.
Subjects--Index Terms:

African American migration

Wall of exclusion: The persistence of residential racial segregation in metropolitan Milwaukee.
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