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Agricultural Type and Amount: Resour...

Braund, Danielle.

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Agricultural Type and Amount: Resources and Habitat Interact to Affect Nutrient Concentrations and Macroinvertebrates in Headwater Streams.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Agricultural Type and Amount: Resources and Habitat Interact to Affect Nutrient Concentrations and Macroinvertebrates in Headwater Streams./
作者:	Braund, Danielle.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2019,
面頁冊數:	114 p.
附註:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 81-05.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International81-05.
標題:	Aquatic sciences. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=22616881
ISBN:	9781088395257

Agricultural Type and Amount: Resources and Habitat Interact to Affect Nutrient Concentrations and Macroinvertebrates in Headwater Streams.
Braund, Danielle.

Agricultural Type and Amount: Resources and Habitat Interact to Affect Nutrient Concentrations and Macroinvertebrates in Headwater Streams. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2019 - 114 p.

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 81-05.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Central Arkansas, 2019.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

The extent of agriculture within stream catchments alters nutrient concentrations, phosphorus sorption dynamics, and macroinvertebrate communities. Agricultural activities cause fertilizer and pesticides runoff that degrades water quality that alters macroinvertebrate colonization patterns by increasing mortality, limiting habitat through homogenized substrate and changing resource availability. How different forms of agriculture (e.g. pasture vs row crop) affect nutrient dynamics and biotic communities is less understood. Pasture and row-crop production continues to grow in the United States and nutrient loading continues to increase and flow into larger river systems and subsequently increases hypoxic conditions in the Gulf of Mexico. Therefore, we compared nutrient concentrations, sorption patterns, and macroinvertebrate communities between two locations with different forms of agriculture. The Point Remove watershed in the Arkansas River Valley is predominantly pasture while the Paw Paw watershed in the southwestern Michigan drift plains contains mostly row crop. We sampled 10 streams within each watershed across an agricultural gradient for nitrate, ammonium, and soluble reactive phosphorus. We then measured the potential of benthic sediment to remove phosphorus from the water column using equilibrium phosphorus concentration (EPC) metrics. Finally, we sampled macroinvertebrates using both a benthic sampler and an artificial substrate sampler to understand the variable control of water quality, resources, and habitat on macroinvertebrate communities locally and regionally. We predicted that nutrient concentrations would be greater in streams with a greater extent of agriculture and in Michigan due to row crop fertilizer application. We also predicted that streams with more agriculture, especially in Michigan, would have a greater potential to adsorb phosphorus to benthic sediment due to smaller substrate size. Finally, we predicted that macroinvertebrate density would be greater in streams with a greater extent of pasture from relatively in-tact stream habitat and increased resource availability. Nutrient concentrations were greater in stream catchments with a greater extent of agriculture. Phosphorus sorption rates were greater in Michigan than Arkansas and in catchments with a higher proportion of agriculture. The potential for phosphorus desorption to occur if aqueous phosphorus concentrations are reduced was greater in Michigan and in catchments with a greater extent of agriculture in both locations due to a history of agriculture and elevated nutrient concentrations. The aqueous phosphorus concentration at which sediment and water column concentrations are in equilibrium was greater in Michigan than Arkansas and greater in catchments with a greater extent of agriculture in both locations. As predicted, macroinvertebrate density was greater in streams with more agriculture regardless of the location. Yet, richness and diversity did not differ among streams that had varying extent of agriculture in either sampler types. Richness and diversity also did not differ between extents of agriculture in Arkansas but decreased with increases of agriculture in Michigan artificial substrate sampler. Because of a greater capacity to act as sinks for phosphorus and a shorter hypothetical recovery time of legacy nutrient concentrations, Arkansas streams have a greater potential for restoration than Michigan. The type and extent of agriculture within stream catchments affects headwater streams differently in different locations. Restoration plans should be tailored to those differences.

ISBN: 9781088395257Subjects--Topical Terms:

3174300
Aquatic sciences.

Agricultural Type and Amount: Resources and Habitat Interact to Affect Nutrient Concentrations and Macroinvertebrates in Headwater Streams.
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