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The Impact of Saharan Region Aerosol...

Spells, Christopher J.

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The Impact of Saharan Region Aerosols on Atmospheric Temperature and Relative Humidity Retrievals Over the Tropical Atlantic Ocean.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	The Impact of Saharan Region Aerosols on Atmospheric Temperature and Relative Humidity Retrievals Over the Tropical Atlantic Ocean./
Author:	Spells, Christopher J.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2018,
Description:	149 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-02, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International80-02B.
Subject:	Atmospheric sciences. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10838649
ISBN:	9780438190849

The Impact of Saharan Region Aerosols on Atmospheric Temperature and Relative Humidity Retrievals Over the Tropical Atlantic Ocean.
Spells, Christopher J.

The Impact of Saharan Region Aerosols on Atmospheric Temperature and Relative Humidity Retrievals Over the Tropical Atlantic Ocean. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2018 - 149 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-02, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Hampton University, 2018.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

The tropical Atlantic Ocean is a region of significant meteorological and oceanographic interest in terms of atmospheric chemistry and mesoscale-to-synoptic scale dynamic and thermodynamic phenomena. Passive and active remote sensing instruments onboard geostationary and polar orbiting satellites are providing global data, but the unique dynamic and thermodynamic nature of advected Saharan air masses that contain Saharan dust aerosols (SDA) over maritime environments provide a difficult challenge for the interpretation of remotely sensed Infrared (IR) observations. The goal of this research was to develop a fast, physically based Dual-Regression (DR) retrieval technique that contains SDA over the tropical Atlantic Ocean to accurately retrieve temperature and relative humidity (RH) profile data from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI). A secondary goal was to retrieve SDA optical depth and layer altitude. A suite of correlative data collected during the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Aerosols and Ocean Science Expedition (AEROSE) was used for validation of retrieved profiles and aerosol optical depth (AOD). AEROSE consists of a series of trans-Atlantic research missions (2004-2017), which includes a goal of seeking to resolve the impacts SDA has on passive remote sensors. SDA layer altitude was validated with the Cloud Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) dataset. Atmospheric radiances were calculated using a Line-by-Line Radiative Transfer Model (LBLRTM) in combination with the Discrete Ordinates Radiative Transfer (DISORT) for scattering atmospheres. Dust properties from the Optical Properties of Aerosols and Clouds (OPAC) Mineral Transported Model (MITR) were used to produce radiances in the presence of SDA in different dust classes. A relationship between AEROSE temperature and RH profiles and ship-based AOD was established to produce the dust aerosol-trained radiances. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed on each of the dust profile ensembles in the different dust classes to generate the regression coefficients used in the aerosol- trained retrievals. To assess the feasibility of the retrieval algorithm in the existence of dust, aerosol-free retrievals were also calculated. The dedicated AEROSE and IASI observations used in this work were limited to AEROSE research missions from 2009 to the winter of 2013. The retrievals trained with SDA exhibit a significant improvement over aerosol-free retrievals. The most noticeable improvements are in the marine boundary layer and the mid-troposphere. Dry, desiccated air occurs in the marine boundary layer and mid-troposphere, at the same levels as temperature inversions due to modification of the atmosphere by SDA. The standard deviation statistics between the observed aerosol-trained retrievals and the observed aerosol-free retrievals show that the aerosol-trained retrievals have improved temperature agreement with the reference AEROSE profiles of as large as 0.5 K under 800 mb and 1.5 K in the mid- troposphere. There is an improvement of retrieved RH of 15% below 800 mb and 8% in the mid-troposphere between the aerosol-trained and aerosol-free retrievals. Comparisons between retrieved AOD and ship-based observed AOD shows good agreement of 0.904. This research demonstrates that the retrieval algorithm employed in this work can improve temperature and RH retrievals in the presence of SDA. The improved retrieval accuracy of the retrievals could be used to improve hurricane forecasts when SDA is present in the region.

ISBN: 9780438190849Subjects--Topical Terms:

3168354
Atmospheric sciences.

The Impact of Saharan Region Aerosols on Atmospheric Temperature and Relative Humidity Retrievals Over the Tropical Atlantic Ocean.
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245 1 4 $a The Impact of Saharan Region Aerosols on Atmospheric Temperature and Relative Humidity Retrievals Over the Tropical Atlantic Ocean.
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300 $a 149 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-02, Section: B.
500 $a Publisher info.: Dissertation/Thesis.
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506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a The tropical Atlantic Ocean is a region of significant meteorological and oceanographic interest in terms of atmospheric chemistry and mesoscale-to-synoptic scale dynamic and thermodynamic phenomena. Passive and active remote sensing instruments onboard geostationary and polar orbiting satellites are providing global data, but the unique dynamic and thermodynamic nature of advected Saharan air masses that contain Saharan dust aerosols (SDA) over maritime environments provide a difficult challenge for the interpretation of remotely sensed Infrared (IR) observations. The goal of this research was to develop a fast, physically based Dual-Regression (DR) retrieval technique that contains SDA over the tropical Atlantic Ocean to accurately retrieve temperature and relative humidity (RH) profile data from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI). A secondary goal was to retrieve SDA optical depth and layer altitude. A suite of correlative data collected during the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Aerosols and Ocean Science Expedition (AEROSE) was used for validation of retrieved profiles and aerosol optical depth (AOD). AEROSE consists of a series of trans-Atlantic research missions (2004-2017), which includes a goal of seeking to resolve the impacts SDA has on passive remote sensors. SDA layer altitude was validated with the Cloud Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) dataset. Atmospheric radiances were calculated using a Line-by-Line Radiative Transfer Model (LBLRTM) in combination with the Discrete Ordinates Radiative Transfer (DISORT) for scattering atmospheres. Dust properties from the Optical Properties of Aerosols and Clouds (OPAC) Mineral Transported Model (MITR) were used to produce radiances in the presence of SDA in different dust classes. A relationship between AEROSE temperature and RH profiles and ship-based AOD was established to produce the dust aerosol-trained radiances. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed on each of the dust profile ensembles in the different dust classes to generate the regression coefficients used in the aerosol- trained retrievals. To assess the feasibility of the retrieval algorithm in the existence of dust, aerosol-free retrievals were also calculated. The dedicated AEROSE and IASI observations used in this work were limited to AEROSE research missions from 2009 to the winter of 2013. The retrievals trained with SDA exhibit a significant improvement over aerosol-free retrievals. The most noticeable improvements are in the marine boundary layer and the mid-troposphere. Dry, desiccated air occurs in the marine boundary layer and mid-troposphere, at the same levels as temperature inversions due to modification of the atmosphere by SDA. The standard deviation statistics between the observed aerosol-trained retrievals and the observed aerosol-free retrievals show that the aerosol-trained retrievals have improved temperature agreement with the reference AEROSE profiles of as large as 0.5 K under 800 mb and 1.5 K in the mid- troposphere. There is an improvement of retrieved RH of 15% below 800 mb and 8% in the mid-troposphere between the aerosol-trained and aerosol-free retrievals. Comparisons between retrieved AOD and ship-based observed AOD shows good agreement of 0.904. This research demonstrates that the retrieval algorithm employed in this work can improve temperature and RH retrievals in the presence of SDA. The improved retrieval accuracy of the retrievals could be used to improve hurricane forecasts when SDA is present in the region.
590 $a School code: 0802.
650 4 $a Atmospheric sciences. $3 3168354
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793 $a English
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10838649