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An Integrative Study on the Molecula...

Injaian, Allison Sonya.

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An Integrative Study on the Molecular, Physiological, Behavioral and Population-level Effects of Traffic Noise on Tree Swallows (Tachycineta bicolor).

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	An Integrative Study on the Molecular, Physiological, Behavioral and Population-level Effects of Traffic Noise on Tree Swallows (Tachycineta bicolor)./
Author:	Injaian, Allison Sonya.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2018,
Description:	117 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-02, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International80-02B.
Subject:	Ecology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10807907
ISBN:	9780438290006

An Integrative Study on the Molecular, Physiological, Behavioral and Population-level Effects of Traffic Noise on Tree Swallows (Tachycineta bicolor).
Injaian, Allison Sonya.

An Integrative Study on the Molecular, Physiological, Behavioral and Population-level Effects of Traffic Noise on Tree Swallows (Tachycineta bicolor). - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2018 - 117 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-02, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Davis, 2018.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Human-produced noise-from transportation, urbanization and industry-is widespread. Studies of noise pollution show a wide range of effects on birds, such as alterations in parental behavior, physiology, habitat use and reproductive success. These human-induced changes likely have long-term impacts, such as altered nestling physiology and survival, as well as reduced local population size. Further experimental field studies that simultaneously investigate the effects of noise exposure across behavioral, physiological, and population-levels are needed. Here, I experimentally examined the effects of various traffic noise regimes (i.e. short-term vs. chronic, exposure during settlement vs. breeding) on parental behavior, adult and nestling physiology, and reproductive success. I also worked to identify the mechanisms of these impacts (i.e. direct or indirect effects) by cross-fostering nestlings between nests with varying levels of noise exposure. Overall, my results showed negative consequences of traffic noise. Specifically, noise during breeding (both short-term and chronic) resulted in reduced nestling body measures. My results suggest this reduction in nestling size is due to direct, rather than indirect, effects of noise for two main reasons. First, I repeatedly found decreased nestling body size, despite no change in adult foraging behavior based on traffic noise exposure. Second, through cross-fostering, my results showed no relationship between maternal noise-exposure (indirect effects) during egg-laying and nestling baseline corticosterone levels or nestling body condition. Rearing amplitude (i.e. direct nestling exposure to noise), on the other hand, was related to increased nestling baseline corticosterone. More research is needed to confirm these direct, negative impacts of noise on nestling phenotype. In adult females, my results suggest that the chronic stressor of traffic noise limited one's ability to respond to subsequent acute stressors (i.e. down-regulation of stress-induced corticosterone after handling) and adults showed no signs of habituation, as the negative relationship between traffic noise exposure and stress-induced corticosterone concentrations persisted over time. Although it is often difficult to interpret the relationship between cort and fitness, I also found that tree swallow adults preferentially settled in quieter nest boxes and females that settled in noise had delayed egg-laying dates (proxy of individual quality). When controlling for egg-laying date, females that settled in noise laid fewer eggs and had nestling of lower body condition (i.e. of poorer quality) than control females. Therefore, adult settlement patterns suggest that tree swallows try to avoid the breeding in noise-exposed territories, thus supporting the idea that noise has negative consequences. Overall, these results highlight the potential long-term consequences of both short-term and chronic noise exposure. My dissertation adds behavioral and physiological data to a growing body of literature, showing that noise pollution can negatively impact breeding birds. Given that transportation networks continue to expand, strategies to mitigate noise exposure during critical periods (i.e. settlement and breeding) may be needed to maintain local, population health in free-living passerines, such as tree swallows.

ISBN: 9780438290006Subjects--Topical Terms:

516476
Ecology.

An Integrative Study on the Molecular, Physiological, Behavioral and Population-level Effects of Traffic Noise on Tree Swallows (Tachycineta bicolor).
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245 1 3 $a An Integrative Study on the Molecular, Physiological, Behavioral and Population-level Effects of Traffic Noise on Tree Swallows (Tachycineta bicolor).
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500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-02, Section: B.
500 $a Publisher info.: Dissertation/Thesis.
500 $a Advisor: Patricelli, Gail L.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Davis, 2018.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a Human-produced noise-from transportation, urbanization and industry-is widespread. Studies of noise pollution show a wide range of effects on birds, such as alterations in parental behavior, physiology, habitat use and reproductive success. These human-induced changes likely have long-term impacts, such as altered nestling physiology and survival, as well as reduced local population size. Further experimental field studies that simultaneously investigate the effects of noise exposure across behavioral, physiological, and population-levels are needed. Here, I experimentally examined the effects of various traffic noise regimes (i.e. short-term vs. chronic, exposure during settlement vs. breeding) on parental behavior, adult and nestling physiology, and reproductive success. I also worked to identify the mechanisms of these impacts (i.e. direct or indirect effects) by cross-fostering nestlings between nests with varying levels of noise exposure. Overall, my results showed negative consequences of traffic noise. Specifically, noise during breeding (both short-term and chronic) resulted in reduced nestling body measures. My results suggest this reduction in nestling size is due to direct, rather than indirect, effects of noise for two main reasons. First, I repeatedly found decreased nestling body size, despite no change in adult foraging behavior based on traffic noise exposure. Second, through cross-fostering, my results showed no relationship between maternal noise-exposure (indirect effects) during egg-laying and nestling baseline corticosterone levels or nestling body condition. Rearing amplitude (i.e. direct nestling exposure to noise), on the other hand, was related to increased nestling baseline corticosterone. More research is needed to confirm these direct, negative impacts of noise on nestling phenotype. In adult females, my results suggest that the chronic stressor of traffic noise limited one's ability to respond to subsequent acute stressors (i.e. down-regulation of stress-induced corticosterone after handling) and adults showed no signs of habituation, as the negative relationship between traffic noise exposure and stress-induced corticosterone concentrations persisted over time. Although it is often difficult to interpret the relationship between cort and fitness, I also found that tree swallow adults preferentially settled in quieter nest boxes and females that settled in noise had delayed egg-laying dates (proxy of individual quality). When controlling for egg-laying date, females that settled in noise laid fewer eggs and had nestling of lower body condition (i.e. of poorer quality) than control females. Therefore, adult settlement patterns suggest that tree swallows try to avoid the breeding in noise-exposed territories, thus supporting the idea that noise has negative consequences. Overall, these results highlight the potential long-term consequences of both short-term and chronic noise exposure. My dissertation adds behavioral and physiological data to a growing body of literature, showing that noise pollution can negatively impact breeding birds. Given that transportation networks continue to expand, strategies to mitigate noise exposure during critical periods (i.e. settlement and breeding) may be needed to maintain local, population health in free-living passerines, such as tree swallows.
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