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Oxidation of black carbon in soils.

Cheng, Chih-Hsin.

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Oxidation of black carbon in soils.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Oxidation of black carbon in soils./
Author:	Cheng, Chih-Hsin.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2008,
Description:	123 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 69-11, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International69-11B.
Subject:	Biogeochemistry. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3295815
ISBN:	9780549429951

Oxidation of black carbon in soils.
Cheng, Chih-Hsin.

Oxidation of black carbon in soils. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2008 - 123 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 69-11, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Cornell University, 2008.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Black carbon (BC) is regarded as a chemically and biologically very stable carbon pool and can persist in soils for a long period of time. However, the long-term persistence of BC does not imply that the structure of BC remains constant after its deposition. The objectives of this research are to: (1) characterize the changes of chemical properties of BC through short-term and long-term oxidation, (2) identify how climatic factors affect BC oxidation, and (3) examine the stability of BC across a temperature gradient. This study is divided into three parts to address the natural oxidation of BC and the corresponding BC stability. First, we conducted incubation experiments for providing the basic information of BC oxidation. Among the biotic and abiotic variables examined, incubation temperature was the most important variable to enhance BC oxidation. Second, we extended our research to examine the long-term natural oxidation of BC in soils. Black C was collected from eleven historical charcoal blast furnace sites with a vast geographic distribution from Quebec to Georgia in comparison to BC that was newly produced by the same method as BC was made in the past. The results revealed that the historical BC samples were substantially oxidized after 130 years in soils. A significant positive relationship between mean annual temperature (MAT) and BC oxidation (P<0.01) indicated that BC oxidation was enhanced by increasing MAT by 77 mmole kg-1 per unit Celsius. Third, we examined the stability of BC across a climatic gradient. High carbon storage in the BC-containing soils from historical charcoal blast furnace sites displayed the long-term persistence of BC and the incubation experiments and solid state 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra directly suggested that the stability of BC was primarily due to its inherently recalcitrant chemical composition. Black C under warm areas would undergo more oxidation than BC under cold areas, and thus reduce C storage. Oxidation of BC through short- and long-term natural oxidation should play an important role in the global BC cycles and in the effects of BC on soil biogeochemistry.

ISBN: 9780549429951Subjects--Topical Terms:

545717
Biogeochemistry.

Oxidation of black carbon in soils.
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100 1 $a Cheng, Chih-Hsin. $3 3434388
245 1 0 $a Oxidation of black carbon in soils.
260 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 2008
300 $a 123 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 69-11, Section: B.
500 $a Publisher info.: Dissertation/Thesis.
500 $a Advisor: Lehmann, Johannes.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Cornell University, 2008.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
506 $a This item must not be added to any third party search indexes.
520 $a Black carbon (BC) is regarded as a chemically and biologically very stable carbon pool and can persist in soils for a long period of time. However, the long-term persistence of BC does not imply that the structure of BC remains constant after its deposition. The objectives of this research are to: (1) characterize the changes of chemical properties of BC through short-term and long-term oxidation, (2) identify how climatic factors affect BC oxidation, and (3) examine the stability of BC across a temperature gradient. This study is divided into three parts to address the natural oxidation of BC and the corresponding BC stability. First, we conducted incubation experiments for providing the basic information of BC oxidation. Among the biotic and abiotic variables examined, incubation temperature was the most important variable to enhance BC oxidation. Second, we extended our research to examine the long-term natural oxidation of BC in soils. Black C was collected from eleven historical charcoal blast furnace sites with a vast geographic distribution from Quebec to Georgia in comparison to BC that was newly produced by the same method as BC was made in the past. The results revealed that the historical BC samples were substantially oxidized after 130 years in soils. A significant positive relationship between mean annual temperature (MAT) and BC oxidation (P<0.01) indicated that BC oxidation was enhanced by increasing MAT by 77 mmole kg-1 per unit Celsius. Third, we examined the stability of BC across a climatic gradient. High carbon storage in the BC-containing soils from historical charcoal blast furnace sites displayed the long-term persistence of BC and the incubation experiments and solid state 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra directly suggested that the stability of BC was primarily due to its inherently recalcitrant chemical composition. Black C under warm areas would undergo more oxidation than BC under cold areas, and thus reduce C storage. Oxidation of BC through short- and long-term natural oxidation should play an important role in the global BC cycles and in the effects of BC on soil biogeochemistry.
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