東華大學圖書館 |

Political Implications of Bilingual Cognition.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Political Implications of Bilingual Cognition./
Author:	Zhang, Wenshuo.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2018,
Description:	318 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-07, Section: A.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International80-07A.
Subject:	Political science. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=13804659
ISBN:	9780438729773

Political Implications of Bilingual Cognition.
Zhang, Wenshuo.

Political Implications of Bilingual Cognition. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2018 - 318 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-07, Section: A.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2018.

This item must not be added to any third party search indexes.

Though more than two-thirds of all children around the world grow up in bilingual environments (Crystal 1997) and more than half of the world's population speak more than one language in everyday life (Grosjean 2010), political science continues to operate under a Chomskian scheme in which language is characterized as "a parsimonious symbol system, [or] a type of mental algebra" (Caldwell-Harris 2014, 2). Simply put, the prevailing assumptions are that language is transparent and trivial, and that no special evaluation of its impact independent of the plain meaning is required. Taken further, this paradigm implies that phrases from different languages will be understood exactly the same way, as long as they are faithful translational equivalents. However, recent research in cognitive psychology has demonstrated otherwise. Affect research experiments have shown that the emotional impact of negative and taboo stimuli is significantly blunted when a bilingual receives them in a second language (Caldwell-Harris and Aycicegi-Dinn 2009, Eilola and Havelka 2010, Hsu, Jacobs and Conrad 2015). Concurrently, researchers studying implicit social cognition have found that whether an ethnic group was viewed favorably by bilingual respondents depended on the language in which they were prompted to express an opinion (Danzinger and Ward 2010, Ogunnaike, Dunham, and Banaji 2010). More recently, decision research has found that working language affected how bilinguals made moral judgments (Costa et al. 2014a) and perceived causality (Geipel, Hadjichristidis, and Surian 2015a). These findings suggest that language may carry enormous ramifications for the study of political behavior. Decreased affective response in second languages may mean that bilinguals respond less intensely to messages broadcast in their second language. Political advertisements, perhaps especially attack ads, may lose their efficacy if their keywords and symbols do not provoke a bilingual citizen as intended, or if the bilingual forgets them too quickly. Citizens who must evaluate candidates, issue platforms, or even ballot initiatives in their second language may come to very different conclusions and vote choices than they would in their native language. In bargaining, second language negotiations may enable parties working in a second language to be more objective and willing to take risks in achieving a consensus, as they may be less likely to be provoked by topics that are controversial or hold deep emotional resonance. From a methodological perspective, if a respondent's response in his second language differs from in his native language, then the investigator will fail in his goal of accurately capturing the opinions and attitudes of the target populations, especially those of minority constituents. Researchers who should be alert to possible effects of language for multilingual respondents must recognize the challenges that lie ahead, either of discerning which attitudes and opinions are "true" ones, or of being able to measure language-specific attitudes. This dissertation investigates whether a native speaker and a non-native speaker process and react to a language in the same manner. I incorporate recent findings from psychology to explain why speaking native and non-native languages may prompt different modes of cognition, and subsequently, result in observable differences in attitudes and behaviors. I use data drawn from an original survey experiment that I designed and conducted in the People's Republic of China (PRC) in 2013 to draw larger conclusions about the potential impact of bilingualism in the political realm. This survey experiment, the first in political science to vary the working language as an experimental condition, asked university students at Capital Normal University to respond on a battery of questions including both commonly-used as well as original attitudinal and behavioral questions. The balance of this dissertation comprises three chapters, each organized thematically around findings from a different cluster of psychology research into bilingualism. The first substantive chapter provides a basic primer on the terminology used in bilingualism research and investigates the L1 affective advantage, in which one's native language (L1) usually evokes greater affect that one's second language (L2). The L1 affective advantage influences how bilinguals view choices and outcomes in a hypothetical situation, which in turn affects their decision-making. I extend this research further to examine how bilinguals assess the fairness of money sharing proposals in an Ultimatum Game. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest.).

ISBN: 9780438729773Subjects--Topical Terms:

528916
Political science.

Political Implications of Bilingual Cognition.
LDR:05788nmm a2200325 4500 001 2206721
005 20190906082739.5
008 201008s2018 ||||||||||||||||| ||eng d
020 $a 9780438729773
035 $a (MiAaPQ)AAI13804659
035 $a (MiAaPQ)100900
035 $a AAI13804659
040 $a MiAaPQ $c MiAaPQ
100 1 $a Zhang, Wenshuo. $3 3433638
245 1 0 $a Political Implications of Bilingual Cognition.
260 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 2018
300 $a 318 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-07, Section: A.
500 $a Publisher info.: Dissertation/Thesis.
500 $a Gaines, Brian J.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2018.
506 $a This item must not be added to any third party search indexes.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a Though more than two-thirds of all children around the world grow up in bilingual environments (Crystal 1997) and more than half of the world's population speak more than one language in everyday life (Grosjean 2010), political science continues to operate under a Chomskian scheme in which language is characterized as "a parsimonious symbol system, [or] a type of mental algebra" (Caldwell-Harris 2014, 2). Simply put, the prevailing assumptions are that language is transparent and trivial, and that no special evaluation of its impact independent of the plain meaning is required. Taken further, this paradigm implies that phrases from different languages will be understood exactly the same way, as long as they are faithful translational equivalents. However, recent research in cognitive psychology has demonstrated otherwise. Affect research experiments have shown that the emotional impact of negative and taboo stimuli is significantly blunted when a bilingual receives them in a second language (Caldwell-Harris and Aycicegi-Dinn 2009, Eilola and Havelka 2010, Hsu, Jacobs and Conrad 2015). Concurrently, researchers studying implicit social cognition have found that whether an ethnic group was viewed favorably by bilingual respondents depended on the language in which they were prompted to express an opinion (Danzinger and Ward 2010, Ogunnaike, Dunham, and Banaji 2010). More recently, decision research has found that working language affected how bilinguals made moral judgments (Costa et al. 2014a) and perceived causality (Geipel, Hadjichristidis, and Surian 2015a). These findings suggest that language may carry enormous ramifications for the study of political behavior. Decreased affective response in second languages may mean that bilinguals respond less intensely to messages broadcast in their second language. Political advertisements, perhaps especially attack ads, may lose their efficacy if their keywords and symbols do not provoke a bilingual citizen as intended, or if the bilingual forgets them too quickly. Citizens who must evaluate candidates, issue platforms, or even ballot initiatives in their second language may come to very different conclusions and vote choices than they would in their native language. In bargaining, second language negotiations may enable parties working in a second language to be more objective and willing to take risks in achieving a consensus, as they may be less likely to be provoked by topics that are controversial or hold deep emotional resonance. From a methodological perspective, if a respondent's response in his second language differs from in his native language, then the investigator will fail in his goal of accurately capturing the opinions and attitudes of the target populations, especially those of minority constituents. Researchers who should be alert to possible effects of language for multilingual respondents must recognize the challenges that lie ahead, either of discerning which attitudes and opinions are "true" ones, or of being able to measure language-specific attitudes. This dissertation investigates whether a native speaker and a non-native speaker process and react to a language in the same manner. I incorporate recent findings from psychology to explain why speaking native and non-native languages may prompt different modes of cognition, and subsequently, result in observable differences in attitudes and behaviors. I use data drawn from an original survey experiment that I designed and conducted in the People's Republic of China (PRC) in 2013 to draw larger conclusions about the potential impact of bilingualism in the political realm. This survey experiment, the first in political science to vary the working language as an experimental condition, asked university students at Capital Normal University to respond on a battery of questions including both commonly-used as well as original attitudinal and behavioral questions. The balance of this dissertation comprises three chapters, each organized thematically around findings from a different cluster of psychology research into bilingualism. The first substantive chapter provides a basic primer on the terminology used in bilingualism research and investigates the L1 affective advantage, in which one's native language (L1) usually evokes greater affect that one's second language (L2). The L1 affective advantage influences how bilinguals view choices and outcomes in a hypothetical situation, which in turn affects their decision-making. I extend this research further to examine how bilinguals assess the fairness of money sharing proposals in an Ultimatum Game. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest.).
590 $a School code: 0090.
650 4 $a Political science. $3 528916
690 $a 0615
710 2 $a University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. $b Political Science. $3 3172708
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 80-07A.
790 $a 0090
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2018
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=13804659