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Assessment of Volatile Organic Compo...

Wang, Chang.

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Assessment of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and Residential Proximity to Unconventional Natural Gas (UNG) Development in Ohio.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Assessment of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and Residential Proximity to Unconventional Natural Gas (UNG) Development in Ohio./
Author:	Wang, Chang.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2018,
Description:	31 p.
Notes:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 79-10.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International79-10.
Subject:	Environmental Health. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10277173
ISBN:	9780355777567

Assessment of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and Residential Proximity to Unconventional Natural Gas (UNG) Development in Ohio.
Wang, Chang.

Assessment of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and Residential Proximity to Unconventional Natural Gas (UNG) Development in Ohio. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2018 - 31 p.

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 79-10.

Thesis (M.P.H.)--Yale University, 2018.

This item is not available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses.

Background: Hydraulic fracturing has played more and more important role in supplying natural gas. However, there are limited studies directly focusing on the ambient air quality impact by this industry. Objective: We conducted a community-based, cross-section study in Belmont county, Ohio to assess the association between the detection of indoor and outdoor VOCs (benzene, ethylbenzene and toluene) and the residential proximity to the unconventional natural gas wells. Methods: There are totally 66 participants involved in our study. We set the indoor air samples inside the participants' house and place outdoor air samples in front porch for 9 days using passive air monitor and collected them back for further analysis. During the home visiting, we also administered a questionnaire about the demographics, home characteristics and participants' feeling about the air quality. The Pace Analytical Services Company analyzed the concentration of benzene, ethylbenzene and toluene in both indoor and outdoor samples to calculate the time weighted average concentration. We calculated the residential proximity to the unconventional natural gas wells based on the well locations and geocoded addresses of the participants' house. Then we calculated the inverse distance weighted (IDW) matrix for 2 km and 5 km. We performed chi-square test and Wilcoxon rank-sum test and univariable logistic regression analysis to assess whether the VOCs were more likely to be detected for the participants living within 2km from the nearest wells compared to the participants living out of 2 km from the nearest wells. Results: The detection rate of indoor VOCs are much high than the outdoor detection rate, which were too low to be considered. Also the detection rate of indoor VOCs among houses within 2 km to the wells are higher comparing to the houses out of 2 km from the wells. Observed both indoor and outdoor toluene and ethylbenzene concentration were below the Reference concentration (RfC) by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; however, the maximum indoor concentration detected for benzene is 64µg/m3 and outdoor is 47µg/m3. Compared to the Reference concentrations (RfCs) from US EPA, 30µg/m3, participants may be potential exposed to an unsafe level to benzene both indoor and outdoor. We didn't observe the obviously statistically significant association between the residential proximity to the unconventional natural gas wells and the detection of indoor VOCs. Conclusions: The results of this study didn't directly suggest the correlation between the residential proximity to the unconventional natural gas wells and the detection of the indoor VOCs (benzene, ethylbenzene and toluene). These analyses require more refined inverse-distance weighted proximity matrix and longer sampling duration for air samples. Our findings in this pilot study did provide some insights and data base for further investigation in Ohio unconventional natural gas development and air quality impacts.

ISBN: 9780355777567Subjects--Topical Terms:

578282
Environmental Health.

Assessment of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and Residential Proximity to Unconventional Natural Gas (UNG) Development in Ohio.
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500 $a Publisher info.: Dissertation/Thesis.
500 $a Advisor: Deziel, Nicole Cardello.
502 $a Thesis (M.P.H.)--Yale University, 2018.
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520 $a Background: Hydraulic fracturing has played more and more important role in supplying natural gas. However, there are limited studies directly focusing on the ambient air quality impact by this industry. Objective: We conducted a community-based, cross-section study in Belmont county, Ohio to assess the association between the detection of indoor and outdoor VOCs (benzene, ethylbenzene and toluene) and the residential proximity to the unconventional natural gas wells. Methods: There are totally 66 participants involved in our study. We set the indoor air samples inside the participants' house and place outdoor air samples in front porch for 9 days using passive air monitor and collected them back for further analysis. During the home visiting, we also administered a questionnaire about the demographics, home characteristics and participants' feeling about the air quality. The Pace Analytical Services Company analyzed the concentration of benzene, ethylbenzene and toluene in both indoor and outdoor samples to calculate the time weighted average concentration. We calculated the residential proximity to the unconventional natural gas wells based on the well locations and geocoded addresses of the participants' house. Then we calculated the inverse distance weighted (IDW) matrix for 2 km and 5 km. We performed chi-square test and Wilcoxon rank-sum test and univariable logistic regression analysis to assess whether the VOCs were more likely to be detected for the participants living within 2km from the nearest wells compared to the participants living out of 2 km from the nearest wells. Results: The detection rate of indoor VOCs are much high than the outdoor detection rate, which were too low to be considered. Also the detection rate of indoor VOCs among houses within 2 km to the wells are higher comparing to the houses out of 2 km from the wells. Observed both indoor and outdoor toluene and ethylbenzene concentration were below the Reference concentration (RfC) by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; however, the maximum indoor concentration detected for benzene is 64µg/m3 and outdoor is 47µg/m3. Compared to the Reference concentrations (RfCs) from US EPA, 30µg/m3, participants may be potential exposed to an unsafe level to benzene both indoor and outdoor. We didn't observe the obviously statistically significant association between the residential proximity to the unconventional natural gas wells and the detection of indoor VOCs. Conclusions: The results of this study didn't directly suggest the correlation between the residential proximity to the unconventional natural gas wells and the detection of the indoor VOCs (benzene, ethylbenzene and toluene). These analyses require more refined inverse-distance weighted proximity matrix and longer sampling duration for air samples. Our findings in this pilot study did provide some insights and data base for further investigation in Ohio unconventional natural gas development and air quality impacts.
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