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The Spanish Empire's Dark Matter: Th...

Funiciello, Patrick.

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The Spanish Empire's Dark Matter: The Role of Contraband in the Iberian Atlantic, 1579-1625.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	The Spanish Empire's Dark Matter: The Role of Contraband in the Iberian Atlantic, 1579-1625./
Author:	Funiciello, Patrick.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2017,
Description:	299 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-04(E), Section: A.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International78-04A(E).
Subject:	European history. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10163371
ISBN:	9781369180633

The Spanish Empire's Dark Matter: The Role of Contraband in the Iberian Atlantic, 1579-1625.
Funiciello, Patrick.

The Spanish Empire's Dark Matter: The Role of Contraband in the Iberian Atlantic, 1579-1625. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2017 - 299 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-04(E), Section: A.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The George Washington University, 2017.

The primary geographical and thematic foci of this study are the trade fairs of Nombre de Dios and Portobelo (Caribbean ports in modern-day Panama) and the activities of New Christian Portuguese merchants and their ecclesiastical and government enablers in Buenos Aires. These key nodes in the official trade circuit were established to assure steady seasonal shipments of silver to settle the accounts of Sevillan and foreign merchants and to provide the Quinto Real (the king's "fifth" tax on silver and gold established in 1504) to the Crown. The geographical contours of licensed imperial trade were a product of institutional and pioneer settlement imperative and timing rather than a purposefully devised geo-political program or efficient revenue-generating strategy. Where Spanish ships first arrived to build ports, churches, city halls, customs houses, presidios and, eventually, consulados de comercio and where they stored and exchanged goods and specie at the first trade fairs---locations like Panama, Cartagena, Lima, and Buenos Aires---typically determined patterns of activity and commitments that would last for centuries. In economic terms, vested interests and sunk costs commonly trumped innovation and profit maximization despite the obvious logistical superiority of, say, the southern Potosi-Buenos Aires-Seville route over the Potosi-Callao-Panama-Havana-Seville route in channeling silver, slaves, and lucrative commodities from the metropole to checkpoints in the Caribbean, Peru, and back.

ISBN: 9781369180633Subjects--Topical Terms:

1972904
European history.

The Spanish Empire's Dark Matter: The Role of Contraband in the Iberian Atlantic, 1579-1625.
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245 1 4 $a The Spanish Empire's Dark Matter: The Role of Contraband in the Iberian Atlantic, 1579-1625.
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500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-04(E), Section: A.
500 $a Adviser: Marcy Norton.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--The George Washington University, 2017.
520 $a The primary geographical and thematic foci of this study are the trade fairs of Nombre de Dios and Portobelo (Caribbean ports in modern-day Panama) and the activities of New Christian Portuguese merchants and their ecclesiastical and government enablers in Buenos Aires. These key nodes in the official trade circuit were established to assure steady seasonal shipments of silver to settle the accounts of Sevillan and foreign merchants and to provide the Quinto Real (the king's "fifth" tax on silver and gold established in 1504) to the Crown. The geographical contours of licensed imperial trade were a product of institutional and pioneer settlement imperative and timing rather than a purposefully devised geo-political program or efficient revenue-generating strategy. Where Spanish ships first arrived to build ports, churches, city halls, customs houses, presidios and, eventually, consulados de comercio and where they stored and exchanged goods and specie at the first trade fairs---locations like Panama, Cartagena, Lima, and Buenos Aires---typically determined patterns of activity and commitments that would last for centuries. In economic terms, vested interests and sunk costs commonly trumped innovation and profit maximization despite the obvious logistical superiority of, say, the southern Potosi-Buenos Aires-Seville route over the Potosi-Callao-Panama-Havana-Seville route in channeling silver, slaves, and lucrative commodities from the metropole to checkpoints in the Caribbean, Peru, and back.
520 $a These focal points of inquiry will contribute to and respond to challenges posed by theoretical literature on the commercial revolution of early modern Europe, the rise of capitalism, business practices, communication technology, information exchange, and the Spanish Empire's role as both a pioneer and an anachronistic laggard within this broader economic narrative. How did medieval trade fairs like Nombre de Dios and Portobelo function? What explains their persistence in Spain into the eighteenth century? What impact did monopoly licensing and exclusionary institutions have upon economic development and the Spanish Crown's geo-political position in Europe? Did Spain's commercial metropole (Seville), ever truly control the empire's periphery? And how does one do effective economic history about a pre-statistical age given Spanish trade's extreme degree of informality and its formidable reach and depth? This dissertation will address all of the above questions in an effort to better explain theories of Spanish rise and decline.
520 $a The primary sources for this study come mainly from colonial archives in Seville and Madrid, which house documents relating to Iberian-American trade. Other important sources of colonial-era documents, contemporaneous economic treatises, travel accounts, and key secondary sources were located in London, Washington, DC, and at the John Carter Brown Library in Providence. More specifically, Audiencia documents from the Panama, Lima, Charcas, Santa Fe, Santo Domingo, and Buenos Aires collections, and those from Indiferente, Consulado, and Contratacion, provide most of the administrative perspective on Iberian commerce. Economic theorists and chroniclers such as Luis Ortiz, Hevia Bolanos, Veitia Linage, Tomas de Mercado, and Sancho de Moncada, among others, provide a theoretical framework upon which to reconstruct contemporary theories of economic activity and licit and illicit trade. And non-Spanish travel accounts and merchant guidebooks from writers such as Thomas Gage, Samuel Champlain, Richard Hakluyt, and others will provide a foreign counterpoint to official Spanish reports. Since contraband was (and still is) in the eye of the beholder, a conditional product of its time and place, source material that clarifies the mentalite of theorists, Crown functionaries, and traders themselves will be heavily privileged and mined for guidance. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest.).
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