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Cultural Transmission in the Real Wo...

Kline, Michelle A.

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Cultural Transmission in the Real World A Quantitative Study of Teaching and Cultural Learning in the Yasawa Islands, Fiji.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Cultural Transmission in the Real World A Quantitative Study of Teaching and Cultural Learning in the Yasawa Islands, Fiji./
Author:	Kline, Michelle A.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2013,
Description:	126 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 75-03(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International75-03B(E).
Subject:	Behavioral psychology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3603997
ISBN:	9781303590900

Cultural Transmission in the Real World A Quantitative Study of Teaching and Cultural Learning in the Yasawa Islands, Fiji.
Kline, Michelle A.

Cultural Transmission in the Real World A Quantitative Study of Teaching and Cultural Learning in the Yasawa Islands, Fiji. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2013 - 126 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 75-03(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Los Angeles, 2013.

The human species is more reliant on cultural adaptation than any other species, but it is unclear how observational learning can give rise to faithful transmission of cultural adaptations. One possibility is that teaching facilitates accurate social transmission by narrowing the range of the inferences that learners make. However, there is wide disagreement about how to define teaching, and how to interpret the empirical evidence for teaching across cultures and species. The work presented here addresses central questions in the study of the evolution of teaching through the presentation of new data and a new theoretical framework for an evolutionary approach to the study of teaching. Chapter 1 presents predictions about when teaching and non-vertical transmission may be adaptive, and uses interview data from Fijian villages to demonstrate that parents are more likely to teach in comparison to other kin, high-skill and highly valued domains are more likely to be taught, and oblique transmission is associated with high-skill domains, which are learned later in life.

ISBN: 9781303590900Subjects--Topical Terms:

2122788
Behavioral psychology.

Cultural Transmission in the Real World A Quantitative Study of Teaching and Cultural Learning in the Yasawa Islands, Fiji.
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100 1 $a Kline, Michelle A. $3 3287728
245 1 0 $a Cultural Transmission in the Real World A Quantitative Study of Teaching and Cultural Learning in the Yasawa Islands, Fiji.
260 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 2013
300 $a 126 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 75-03(E), Section: B.
500 $a Adviser: Robert T. Boyd.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Los Angeles, 2013.
520 $a The human species is more reliant on cultural adaptation than any other species, but it is unclear how observational learning can give rise to faithful transmission of cultural adaptations. One possibility is that teaching facilitates accurate social transmission by narrowing the range of the inferences that learners make. However, there is wide disagreement about how to define teaching, and how to interpret the empirical evidence for teaching across cultures and species. The work presented here addresses central questions in the study of the evolution of teaching through the presentation of new data and a new theoretical framework for an evolutionary approach to the study of teaching. Chapter 1 presents predictions about when teaching and non-vertical transmission may be adaptive, and uses interview data from Fijian villages to demonstrate that parents are more likely to teach in comparison to other kin, high-skill and highly valued domains are more likely to be taught, and oblique transmission is associated with high-skill domains, which are learned later in life.
520 $a Chapter 2 reviews three major approaches to the study of teaching--mentalistic, culture-based, and functionalist---and shows how these definitions fail to structure the cross-cultural and cross-species study 0f teaching. This chapter proposes a new framework of teaching types based on the learning problems teaching can solve, and reinterprets the existing evidence for teaching in humans and other animals in this framework. This chapter discusses the implications of this new framework, including the roles of cognitive constraints and cooperative dilemmas in how and when teaching evolves. It also offers an explanation as to why some types of teaching are uniquely human, and discusses future research directions.
520 $a Chapter 3 applies this theoretical framework, develops an ethogram for identifying naturally occurring teaching behavior outside the laboratory, and presents quantitative data from focal follows with young children in Fiji to test predictions about the form and function of teaching behavior. These data demonstrate that, as predicted in Chapter 2, teaching is present in non-western societies, more common among close kin, and lower-effort teaching types are more common than higher-effort ones.
590 $a School code: 0031.
650 4 $a Behavioral psychology. $3 2122788
650 4 $a Evolution & development. $3 3172418
650 4 $a Cultural anthropology. $3 2122764
690 $a 0384
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690 $a 0326
710 2 $a University of California, Los Angeles. $b Anthropology 0063. $3 3181197
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 75-03B(E).
790 $a 0031
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2013
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3603997