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Soil organic matter composition and ...

Margenot, Andrew J.

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Soil organic matter composition and phosphorus cycling in temperate and tropical soils.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Soil organic matter composition and phosphorus cycling in temperate and tropical soils./
Author:	Margenot, Andrew J.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2016,
Description:	138 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-03(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International78-03B(E).
Subject:	Soil sciences. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10182765
ISBN:	9781369310801

Soil organic matter composition and phosphorus cycling in temperate and tropical soils.
Margenot, Andrew J.

Soil organic matter composition and phosphorus cycling in temperate and tropical soils. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2016 - 138 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-03(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Davis, 2016.

Soil organic matter (SOM) plays a key role in soil nutrient cycling strongly influenced by edaphic properties and management practices. This dissertation examines the role of SOM in nutrient cycling in two contrasting agroecosystems. The first section (Chapters 1-2) evaluates and applies a method for characterizing SOM in order to link its composition to organic nutrient pools in a temperate agroecosystem (California Central Valley organic tomato fields). The second section (Chapters 2-3) evaluates the organic component of P cycling in a tropical agroecosystem (western Kenya tillage and on-farm P fertilization trials).

ISBN: 9781369310801Subjects--Topical Terms:

2122699
Soil sciences.

Soil organic matter composition and phosphorus cycling in temperate and tropical soils.
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100 1 $a Margenot, Andrew J. $3 3282972
245 1 0 $a Soil organic matter composition and phosphorus cycling in temperate and tropical soils.
260 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 2016
300 $a 138 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-03(E), Section: B.
500 $a Adviser: Sanjai Parikh.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Davis, 2016.
520 $a Soil organic matter (SOM) plays a key role in soil nutrient cycling strongly influenced by edaphic properties and management practices. This dissertation examines the role of SOM in nutrient cycling in two contrasting agroecosystems. The first section (Chapters 1-2) evaluates and applies a method for characterizing SOM in order to link its composition to organic nutrient pools in a temperate agroecosystem (California Central Valley organic tomato fields). The second section (Chapters 2-3) evaluates the organic component of P cycling in a tropical agroecosystem (western Kenya tillage and on-farm P fertilization trials).
520 $a Chapter 1 reviews and assesses the utility of spectral subtractions in FTIR analysis of soil samples. This technique is increasingly applied for analysis of SOM, but the compositional complexity and mineral dominance of soil samples challenge SOM characterization. The use of spectral subtraction is an established technique for isolating SOM components of soil spectra. This review summarizes the history of subtractions in FTIR spectroscopy of soil samples, identifies and qualifies misconceptions and limitations on its use, and highlights trade-offs, recent developments, and future directions on the potential of spectral subtractions to improve and expand FTIR applications in soil science.
520 $a Chapter 2 applies FTIR spectroscopy to link SOM functional group composition with organic C, N and P fractions in a northern California landscape exhibiting an SOM gradient. Significant differences in relative band intensities occurred among 13 organic tomato fields are identified, in particular a relative increase in absorbance of bands representing aliphatic C-H which positively associated with SOM content, and organic C and N fractions but not organic P fractions. Results implicate relative differences in organic functional groups with differences in total and labile SOM fractions. Additionally, this investigation identifies absorbance of infrared bands representing aliphatic C-H functional groups in these systems as a potential indicator of SOM transformations related to changes in its labile fractions.
520 $a Chapter 3 examines a hypothesized benefit of conservation agriculture (CA) on soil P availability. The widespread promotion of CA in regions with weathered soils prone to P deficiency merits explicit consideration of its effect on P availability. Using a 9 year CA field trial located on an acid, weathered soil in western Kenya, reduced tillage and residue retention components of CA appeared to have limited effects on P availability. Residue management had no effect on soil P, but reduced tillage increased soil aggregation and labile soil P stocks. Relatively low soil available P across treatments suggests that CA with recommended P fertilization may not be an optimal P management strategy for weathered soils in this region.
520 $a Chapter 4 investigates two commonly employed P fertilizers for potentially differing influences on organic P cycling. Using a long-term, on-farm trial in western Kenya, regionally available Minjingu phosphate rock (MPR) and triple super phosphate (TSP) are assessed for their effects on microbial and enzymatic components of organic P cycling. In this weathered soil, the form of P fertilizer has a significant impact on P cycling, with enhanced activity of P-cycling enzymes and greater microbial biomass P under MPR compared to TSP.
590 $a School code: 0029.
650 4 $a Soil sciences. $3 2122699
650 4 $a Biogeochemistry. $3 545717
690 $a 0481
690 $a 0425
710 2 $a University of California, Davis. $b Soils and Biogeochemistry. $3 3282973
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 78-03B(E).
790 $a 0029
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2016
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10182765