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Cognitive and behavioral mechanisms ...

Laude, Jennifer Renee.

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Cognitive and behavioral mechanisms underlying alcohol-induced risky driving.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Cognitive and behavioral mechanisms underlying alcohol-induced risky driving./
Author:	Laude, Jennifer Renee.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2016,
Description:	115 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 77-10(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International77-10B(E).
Subject:	Experimental psychology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10109804
ISBN:	9781339730738

Cognitive and behavioral mechanisms underlying alcohol-induced risky driving.
Laude, Jennifer Renee.

Cognitive and behavioral mechanisms underlying alcohol-induced risky driving. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2016 - 115 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 77-10(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Kentucky, 2016.

Alcohol intoxication represents one situation an individual might increase their amount of risk taking when driving. This dissertation is comprised of three studies that investigate the mechanisms by which alcohol increases driver risk-taking. Study 1 examined the effect of alcohol on driver risk-taking using a proxemics approach. The study also tested whether alcohol-induced increases in risky driving co-occurred with pronounced impairment in the driver's skill. The study also examined whether the most disinhibited drivers were also the riskiest. Indeed, alcohol increased driver risk-taking and impaired driving skill. The study also revealed risky driving can be dissociable from impairing effects on driver skill and that poor inhibitory control is selectively related to elevated risky driving. Studies 2 and 3 built on this work by addressing whether the apparent dissociation between behavioral measures of driver risk and skill was mediated by perceptions the drivers held. While maintaining the distinction between driver risk and skill, Study 2 tested the relationship between drivers' BAC estimations and their tendency to take risks on the roadway. Drivers who estimated their BAC to be lower were the riskiest drivers following both alcohol and placebo. Study 3 addressed whether risky driving could be increased by environmental factors that shape perceptions the driver holds. There is evidence post-licensure training programs might inadvertently generate overconfidence in drivers' perceived ability to operate a motor vehicle and thus fail to perceive dangers normally associated with risky driving behavior. To test this hypothesis, twenty-four drivers received either advanced skill training or no training in a driving simulator. Drivers who received skill training showed increased risky driving under alcohol whereas those who received no training tended to decrease their risk taking. Trained drivers also self-reported more confidence in their driving ability. Taken together, these studies represent a large step towards the betterment of laboratory-based models of driving behavior. The work highlights the importance of distinguishing between driver risk-taking and driving skill. The studies also identified that drivers' personal beliefs influence alcohol-induced risky driving; this suggests training programs focused on correcting drivers' misconceptions might be most efficacious in reducing their risk taking on the roadway.

ISBN: 9781339730738Subjects--Topical Terms:

2144733
Experimental psychology.

Cognitive and behavioral mechanisms underlying alcohol-induced risky driving.
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100 1 $a Laude, Jennifer Renee. $3 3278897
245 1 0 $a Cognitive and behavioral mechanisms underlying alcohol-induced risky driving.
260 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 2016
300 $a 115 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 77-10(E), Section: B.
500 $a Adviser: Mark Fillmoe.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Kentucky, 2016.
520 $a Alcohol intoxication represents one situation an individual might increase their amount of risk taking when driving. This dissertation is comprised of three studies that investigate the mechanisms by which alcohol increases driver risk-taking. Study 1 examined the effect of alcohol on driver risk-taking using a proxemics approach. The study also tested whether alcohol-induced increases in risky driving co-occurred with pronounced impairment in the driver's skill. The study also examined whether the most disinhibited drivers were also the riskiest. Indeed, alcohol increased driver risk-taking and impaired driving skill. The study also revealed risky driving can be dissociable from impairing effects on driver skill and that poor inhibitory control is selectively related to elevated risky driving. Studies 2 and 3 built on this work by addressing whether the apparent dissociation between behavioral measures of driver risk and skill was mediated by perceptions the drivers held. While maintaining the distinction between driver risk and skill, Study 2 tested the relationship between drivers' BAC estimations and their tendency to take risks on the roadway. Drivers who estimated their BAC to be lower were the riskiest drivers following both alcohol and placebo. Study 3 addressed whether risky driving could be increased by environmental factors that shape perceptions the driver holds. There is evidence post-licensure training programs might inadvertently generate overconfidence in drivers' perceived ability to operate a motor vehicle and thus fail to perceive dangers normally associated with risky driving behavior. To test this hypothesis, twenty-four drivers received either advanced skill training or no training in a driving simulator. Drivers who received skill training showed increased risky driving under alcohol whereas those who received no training tended to decrease their risk taking. Trained drivers also self-reported more confidence in their driving ability. Taken together, these studies represent a large step towards the betterment of laboratory-based models of driving behavior. The work highlights the importance of distinguishing between driver risk-taking and driving skill. The studies also identified that drivers' personal beliefs influence alcohol-induced risky driving; this suggests training programs focused on correcting drivers' misconceptions might be most efficacious in reducing their risk taking on the roadway.
520 $a KEYWORDS: Alcohol, Simulated Driving, Risk Taking, Inhibitory Control, BAC Estimation, Driver Confidence.
590 $a School code: 0102.
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650 4 $a Cognitive psychology. $3 523881
650 4 $a Behavioral psychology. $3 2122788
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710 2 $a University of Kentucky. $3 1017485
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