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Refining Our Understanding of the Ef...

Shanley, Ryan Patrick.

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Refining Our Understanding of the Effects of Particulate Matter on Cardiovascular Disease.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Refining Our Understanding of the Effects of Particulate Matter on Cardiovascular Disease./
Author:	Shanley, Ryan Patrick.
Description:	140 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 77-05(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International77-05B(E).
Subject:	Epidemiology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3740875
ISBN:	9781339330037

Refining Our Understanding of the Effects of Particulate Matter on Cardiovascular Disease.
Shanley, Ryan Patrick.

Refining Our Understanding of the Effects of Particulate Matter on Cardiovascular Disease. - 140 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 77-05(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--New York University, 2015.

Background: Long-term exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM) air pollution is associated with greater risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. However, it is unclear whether chronic PM exposure influences CVD risk factors such as obesity, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, or hypertension, and whether obesity confers greater susceptibility to the PM-CVD mortality association.

ISBN: 9781339330037Subjects--Topical Terms:

568544
Epidemiology.

Refining Our Understanding of the Effects of Particulate Matter on Cardiovascular Disease.
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100 1 $a Shanley, Ryan Patrick. $3 3188881
245 1 0 $a Refining Our Understanding of the Effects of Particulate Matter on Cardiovascular Disease.
300 $a 140 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 77-05(E), Section: B.
500 $a Adviser: Jiyoung Ahn.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--New York University, 2015.
520 $a Background: Long-term exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM) air pollution is associated with greater risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. However, it is unclear whether chronic PM exposure influences CVD risk factors such as obesity, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, or hypertension, and whether obesity confers greater susceptibility to the PM-CVD mortality association.
520 $a Objective: The objective of this study is to refine our understanding of the PM--CVD association by carefully evaluating the effects of chronic PM exposure on recognized CVD risk factors, and by evaluating whether obesity confers greater susceptibility to the mortality effects of chronic PM exposure.
520 $a Methods: For these analyses, I obtained individualized estimates of long-term PM exposure that had been calculated from stationary monitoring data and linked to study participants according to their home address. Among adult participants of the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III; 1988-1994; N=18,162), I evaluated the associations of long-term PM10 exposure with CVD risk factors, including measures of obesity and impaired glucose homeostasis, as well as measurements of circulating lipids and blood pressure. Among 462,566 participants in the NIH--AARP Diet and Health Study, I evaluated the associations of long-term PM 2.5 exposure with cause specific CVD mortality. Mortality risks per 10 mug/m3 PM2.5 were estimated within strata of body mass index (BMI), adult weight gain, waist-hip ratio (WHR), physical activity, and diabetes status.
520 $a Results: Greater PM10 exposure was associated with greater levels of circulating lipids, including triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol. I also found that greater PM10 exposure was associated with measures of obesity including percent fat mass and WHR, and measures of impaired glucose homeostasis. Lastly, greater PM 2.5 exposure was associated with ischemic heart disease (IHD) mortality risk, but I found that this relationship was stronger in normal weight and overweight participants than in obese individuals.
520 $a Conclusions: My findings suggest that long-term PM exposure may contribute to hyperlipidemia and obesity, however obesity may not confer greater susceptibility in the PM--CVD mortality association. Further, these findings suggest that reducing ambient PM levels could decrease CVD mortality risk and sub-clinical CVD risk factors across population subgroups.
590 $a School code: 0146.
650 4 $a Epidemiology. $3 568544
650 4 $a Environmental health. $3 543032
650 4 $a Public health. $3 534748
690 $a 0766
690 $a 0470
690 $a 0573
710 2 $a New York University. $b Environmental Health Medicine. $3 2093224
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 77-05B(E).
790 $a 0146
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2015
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3740875