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Swine influenza: Pathogenesis and pr...

McCormick, Kara Leah.

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Swine influenza: Pathogenesis and prevention.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Swine influenza: Pathogenesis and prevention./
Author:	McCormick, Kara Leah.
Description:	217 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 77-03(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International77-03B(E).
Subject:	Microbiology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3728003
ISBN:	9781339132976

Swine influenza: Pathogenesis and prevention.
McCormick, Kara Leah.

Swine influenza: Pathogenesis and prevention. - 217 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 77-03(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of South Dakota, 2015.

Influenza is a negative sense RNA virus of the Orthomyxoviridae family, with a segmented genome allowing for viral gene reassortment. As a zoonotic pathogen, influenza is able to transmit between its natural reservoirs in the avian species to humans, most often through adaptation in swine. Since internal gene reassortment events are known to contribute to the emergence of pandemic viruses, we investigated species specific viral gene and host factors that contribute to the emergence of swine-origin influenza pandemics. Using a newly developed swine cell line, South Dakota-Porcine Jejunum Epithelial Cells (SD-PJEC), that we have helped to derive and characterize, along with collaborators in our research group, we are able to evaluate virus and host contributions toward the emergence of novel influenza virus variants from pigs. Comparing our SD-PJEC cells to the traditional Madin-Darby canine kidney cells (MDCK), we observed differences in virus growth when comparing the wildtype swine influenza virus isolate A/Swine/Texas/4199-2/98-H3N2 (TX98) with the common laboratory isolate A/Puerto Rico/8/34-H1N1 (PR8). Specifically, PR8 demonstrates restricted propagation within the SD-PJEC cells, despite growing normally within MDCK cells. Based on this observation, we are using SD-PJEC cells as a tool to identify swine cell-associated contributions to virus growth, and have determined that the hemagglutinin (HA) and polymerase genes (PB1, PB2, and PA) expressed by influenza virus contribute to differences in pathogenesis. Current vaccines, target the surface HA protein to prevent infection. Since this protein can mutate to evade the host immune response, we used DNA shuffling to create vaccines that can generate broad immunity against influenza virus HA proteins. Here we show that vaccines against lab-derived HA constructs can simultaneously induce immunity against at least four diverse HA proteins. The work described here can be applied toward advancing basic science research, defining novel surveillance approaches, and/or refining vaccine technology that will be used to limit the potential impact of swine-origin influenza outbreaks.

ISBN: 9781339132976Subjects--Topical Terms:

536250
Microbiology.

Swine influenza: Pathogenesis and prevention.
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502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of South Dakota, 2015.
520 $a Influenza is a negative sense RNA virus of the Orthomyxoviridae family, with a segmented genome allowing for viral gene reassortment. As a zoonotic pathogen, influenza is able to transmit between its natural reservoirs in the avian species to humans, most often through adaptation in swine. Since internal gene reassortment events are known to contribute to the emergence of pandemic viruses, we investigated species specific viral gene and host factors that contribute to the emergence of swine-origin influenza pandemics. Using a newly developed swine cell line, South Dakota-Porcine Jejunum Epithelial Cells (SD-PJEC), that we have helped to derive and characterize, along with collaborators in our research group, we are able to evaluate virus and host contributions toward the emergence of novel influenza virus variants from pigs. Comparing our SD-PJEC cells to the traditional Madin-Darby canine kidney cells (MDCK), we observed differences in virus growth when comparing the wildtype swine influenza virus isolate A/Swine/Texas/4199-2/98-H3N2 (TX98) with the common laboratory isolate A/Puerto Rico/8/34-H1N1 (PR8). Specifically, PR8 demonstrates restricted propagation within the SD-PJEC cells, despite growing normally within MDCK cells. Based on this observation, we are using SD-PJEC cells as a tool to identify swine cell-associated contributions to virus growth, and have determined that the hemagglutinin (HA) and polymerase genes (PB1, PB2, and PA) expressed by influenza virus contribute to differences in pathogenesis. Current vaccines, target the surface HA protein to prevent infection. Since this protein can mutate to evade the host immune response, we used DNA shuffling to create vaccines that can generate broad immunity against influenza virus HA proteins. Here we show that vaccines against lab-derived HA constructs can simultaneously induce immunity against at least four diverse HA proteins. The work described here can be applied toward advancing basic science research, defining novel surveillance approaches, and/or refining vaccine technology that will be used to limit the potential impact of swine-origin influenza outbreaks.
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