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Effects of laminar shear stress on m...

Kim, Boa.

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Effects of laminar shear stress on mitochondrial DNA integrity in endothelial cells.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Effects of laminar shear stress on mitochondrial DNA integrity in endothelial cells./
Author:	Kim, Boa.
Description:	175 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 75-09(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International75-09B(E).
Subject:	Health Sciences, Recreation. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3623194
ISBN:	9781303955204

Effects of laminar shear stress on mitochondrial DNA integrity in endothelial cells.
Kim, Boa.

Effects of laminar shear stress on mitochondrial DNA integrity in endothelial cells. - 175 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 75-09(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Temple University, 2014.

Purpose/hypothesis: Regular practice of exercise is the most effective non-pharmacological intervention that improves vascular health, which is thought to be mediated by a repeated exposure of vessel walls to increased hemodynamic shear stress (SS). Mitochondria have been shown to be essential cellular structures responsible for a wide variety of vascular functions, and its impairment is often associated with cardiovascular disease. However, researches on vascular mitochondrial adaptations to SS are in a very early stage and many questions remain unresolved. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of exercise preconditioning on endothelial mitochondria in an angiotensin (Ang) II-induced hypertension model. It was hypothesized that exercise preconditioning prevents Ang II induced-hypertensive phenotypes by improving mitochondrial homeostasis in the endothelium.

ISBN: 9781303955204Subjects--Topical Terms:

1018003
Health Sciences, Recreation.

Effects of laminar shear stress on mitochondrial DNA integrity in endothelial cells.
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020 $a 9781303955204
035 $a (MiAaPQ)AAI3623194
035 $a AAI3623194
040 $a MiAaPQ $c MiAaPQ
100 1 $a Kim, Boa. $3 3169354
245 1 0 $a Effects of laminar shear stress on mitochondrial DNA integrity in endothelial cells.
300 $a 175 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 75-09(E), Section: B.
500 $a Adviser: Joon-Young Park.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Temple University, 2014.
520 $a Purpose/hypothesis: Regular practice of exercise is the most effective non-pharmacological intervention that improves vascular health, which is thought to be mediated by a repeated exposure of vessel walls to increased hemodynamic shear stress (SS). Mitochondria have been shown to be essential cellular structures responsible for a wide variety of vascular functions, and its impairment is often associated with cardiovascular disease. However, researches on vascular mitochondrial adaptations to SS are in a very early stage and many questions remain unresolved. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of exercise preconditioning on endothelial mitochondria in an angiotensin (Ang) II-induced hypertension model. It was hypothesized that exercise preconditioning prevents Ang II induced-hypertensive phenotypes by improving mitochondrial homeostasis in the endothelium.
520 $a Methods: High-magnitude laminar SS (LSS) (20 dyne/cm2) was applied to human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) using a cone-and-plate shear apparatus for 48 hours. Either LSS-preconditioned or static flow-situated HAECs were incubated with Ang II. In in vivo experiments, C57BL/6J mice were singly housed with or without a voluntary running wheel for 7 weeks. Ang II or saline was infused in a constant rate using an implantable osmotic pump for the last 2 weeks of the experimental period. Mitochondrial membrane potential (Deltapsim) and mitoROS production were measured using fluorochrome molecular probe-based microscopic techniques, and mtDNA damage was assessed by a long amplicon quantitative PCR (LA-QPCR) method.
520 $a Results: In HAECs, LSS preconditioning attenuated Ang II-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, which was evidenced by decreased mitoROS generation, increased Deltapsim, and reduced mtDNA damage. Likewise, in aortic tissues, Ang II-induced mitochondrial phenotypic changes (i.e. mitoROS production, mtDNA damage and Deltapsim reduction) were significantly reduced in exercise-preconditioned mice compared to sedentary controls. Moreover, Ang II-induced blood pressure elevation was completely blocked in exercise preconditioned animals.
520 $a Conclusion: Taken together, high-magnitude LSS improves endothelial function by enhancing mtDNA integrity and mitochondrial function. These findings further support the idea that aerobic exercise is a prominent life-style modification strategy to prevent hypertension by targeting dysfunctional mitochondria in the vessel wall.
590 $a School code: 0225.
650 4 $a Health Sciences, Recreation. $3 1018003
650 4 $a Biology, Physiology. $3 1017816
650 4 $a Biology, General. $3 1018625
690 $a 0575
690 $a 0719
690 $a 0306
710 2 $a Temple University. $b Kinesiology. $3 1023553
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 75-09B(E).
790 $a 0225
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2014
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3623194