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The Associations of Multilevel Facto...

Hosey, Megan M.

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The Associations of Multilevel Factors to Health Related Quality of Life in the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity Across the Lifespan (HANDLS) Study.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	The Associations of Multilevel Factors to Health Related Quality of Life in the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity Across the Lifespan (HANDLS) Study./
Author:	Hosey, Megan M.
Description:	198 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 74-02(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International74-02B(E).
Subject:	Psychology, General. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3539276
ISBN:	9781267633644

The Associations of Multilevel Factors to Health Related Quality of Life in the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity Across the Lifespan (HANDLS) Study.
Hosey, Megan M.

The Associations of Multilevel Factors to Health Related Quality of Life in the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity Across the Lifespan (HANDLS) Study. - 198 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 74-02(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 2012.

Current literature provides consistent evidence that lower levels of SES are related to poorer health outcomes. However, few studies have examined whether there are SES-related disparities in health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Furthermore, outcomes in studies evaluating race-related disparities in HRQoL are mixed. The purpose of the current study was to begin to address these gaps in the literature. Participants were 2,314 African American and White Baltimore residents who participated in the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity Study (HANDLS; 53.9% female; 40% living below the poverty line). It was hypothesized that SES (indicated by poverty status) would be associated significantly with lower levels of both the Mental Component Score (MCS) and Physical Component Score (PCS) measures of HRQoL. We further explored the potential interactive relations of SES and race to HRQoL (as well as the main effects of race). Lastly, we sought to identify behavioral, psychosocial, and biomedical risk factors that may underlie the relations among SES, race, and HRQoL. Several significant findings were noted: 1) Lower SES was associated with significantly lower MCS, but not PCS, scores; 2) Significant interactions of SES and race indicated that African Americans living above the poverty line reported poorer physical function than their White counterparts, whereas African Americans living in poverty had better PCS scores than low SES Whites; 3) Structural equation modeling geared toward identifying pertinent mechanistic pathways was generally unsuccessful, in that the majority of models yielded poor fit. Nonetheless, results suggested possible meditational roles of biomedical risk and negative affect with respect to relations between SES and HRQoL. Results indicate that both SES and race are important predictors of HRQoL. Further research is needed to elucidate potential mechanisms underlying these relations. The present findings suggest that management of negative affect in individuals of low SES, regardless of race, is important to both mental and physical aspects of HRQoL. Furthermore, findings suggest that biomedical risk factors play a more important role in physical than mental aspects of HRQoL.

ISBN: 9781267633644Subjects--Topical Terms:

1018034
Psychology, General.

The Associations of Multilevel Factors to Health Related Quality of Life in the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity Across the Lifespan (HANDLS) Study.
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245 1 4 $a The Associations of Multilevel Factors to Health Related Quality of Life in the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity Across the Lifespan (HANDLS) Study.
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500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 74-02(E), Section: B.
500 $a Adviser: Shari R. Waldstein.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 2012.
520 $a Current literature provides consistent evidence that lower levels of SES are related to poorer health outcomes. However, few studies have examined whether there are SES-related disparities in health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Furthermore, outcomes in studies evaluating race-related disparities in HRQoL are mixed. The purpose of the current study was to begin to address these gaps in the literature. Participants were 2,314 African American and White Baltimore residents who participated in the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity Study (HANDLS; 53.9% female; 40% living below the poverty line). It was hypothesized that SES (indicated by poverty status) would be associated significantly with lower levels of both the Mental Component Score (MCS) and Physical Component Score (PCS) measures of HRQoL. We further explored the potential interactive relations of SES and race to HRQoL (as well as the main effects of race). Lastly, we sought to identify behavioral, psychosocial, and biomedical risk factors that may underlie the relations among SES, race, and HRQoL. Several significant findings were noted: 1) Lower SES was associated with significantly lower MCS, but not PCS, scores; 2) Significant interactions of SES and race indicated that African Americans living above the poverty line reported poorer physical function than their White counterparts, whereas African Americans living in poverty had better PCS scores than low SES Whites; 3) Structural equation modeling geared toward identifying pertinent mechanistic pathways was generally unsuccessful, in that the majority of models yielded poor fit. Nonetheless, results suggested possible meditational roles of biomedical risk and negative affect with respect to relations between SES and HRQoL. Results indicate that both SES and race are important predictors of HRQoL. Further research is needed to elucidate potential mechanisms underlying these relations. The present findings suggest that management of negative affect in individuals of low SES, regardless of race, is important to both mental and physical aspects of HRQoL. Furthermore, findings suggest that biomedical risk factors play a more important role in physical than mental aspects of HRQoL.
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