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Carter, Melissa.

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Exploring the relationship between changes in bone mineral density, lean body mass, and hormones in active, adult males with osteopenia after a 12-month exercise intervention.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Exploring the relationship between changes in bone mineral density, lean body mass, and hormones in active, adult males with osteopenia after a 12-month exercise intervention./
Author:	Carter, Melissa.
Description:	215 p.
Notes:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 51-05.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International51-05(E).
Subject:	Health Sciences, General. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=1522340
ISBN:	9781267993359

Exploring the relationship between changes in bone mineral density, lean body mass, and hormones in active, adult males with osteopenia after a 12-month exercise intervention.
Carter, Melissa.

Exploring the relationship between changes in bone mineral density, lean body mass, and hormones in active, adult males with osteopenia after a 12-month exercise intervention. - 215 p.

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 51-05.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri - Columbia, 2012.

INTRODUCTION: Weight-bearing exercise may positively affect bone via muscle contractions, impact forces, and hormonal changes; however, the relative importance of these factors remains controversial. PURPOSE: Thus, we examined the effects of 12 months of resistance training (RT, a high-muscle-force activity) or plyometric (PLY, a high-impact activity) exercise on bone mineral density (BMD) in active (≥4hr/wk), osteopenic, but otherwise healthy men between the ages of 25 and 60y (mean: 42 +/- 9.7y). We also examined the relationships between changes in lean body mass (LBM) and BMD of the whole body, weight-bearing (leg, hip) and non-weight-bearing (arm) sites. In addition, we examined the relationship between changes in BMD and changes in the concentrations of testosterone, free testosterone, and estradiol. METHODS: Participants were randomized to 12 months of supervised RT (2x/wk, N= 10) or PLY (3x/wk, N= 10). Each participant received supplemental calcium (1200 mg/d) and vitamin D (10 microg/d) for the duration of the study. LBM and BMD of the whole body, weight-bearing (legs and hips) and non-weight-bearing (arms) sites were measured at baseline and after the intervention using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Testosterone, free testosterone, and estradiol concentrations were assessed using commercially available ELISA kits. Effects of RT or PLY on changes in whole body and regional (i.e., upper/lower body) LBM and BMD and hormone concentrations were evaluated using a 2x2 ANOVA (time, group). Relationships between percent changes in LBM or hormones and BMD were assessed using Pearson's product moment correlations. RESULTS: Whole body (time, p= 0.025) and leg (time, p= 0.024) BMD significantly increased after the intervention with no differences between RT and PLY. By contrast, hip BMD increased in the RT group, but remained unchanged in PLY (group x time, p= 0.068). Whole body and leg LBM did not change significantly after 12 months of either RT or PLY. Arm LBM significantly decreased in the PLY group and remained unchanged in the RT group (group x time, p= 0.080). The percent change in whole body LBM was positively correlated with the percent change in left leg BMD (r= 0.581, p= 0.039) in the PLY group and was negatively correlated with the percent change in left leg BMD (r= -0.577, p= 0.040) in the RT group. The percent change in whole body LBM was positively correlated with the percent change in hip BMD (r= 0.565, p= 0.044) in the PLY group. The percent change in left arm LBM was positively correlated with the percent change in left arm BMD (r= 0.577, p= 0.047) in the RT group. There were no significant changes in total testosterone, free testosterone, or estradiol after the 12 month intervention in either group. The percent change in total testosterone was negatively correlated with the percent change in hip BMD in both the PLY (r= -0.643, p= 0.043) and the RT (r= -0.614, p= 0.039) groups. The percent change in estradiol was negatively correlated with the percent change in hip BMD (r= -0.735, p= 0.030) in the RT group. DISCUSSION: In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest that muscle contraction forces and impact forces may be potential mechanisms for osteogenesis in osteopenic men. Weight-bearing exercise that elicits either high- muscle-contraction forces or high-impact forces may positively affect whole body and leg BMD, while hip BMD increased following high-muscle-contraction force exercise in physically active men with osteopenia.

ISBN: 9781267993359Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017817
Health Sciences, General.

Exploring the relationship between changes in bone mineral density, lean body mass, and hormones in active, adult males with osteopenia after a 12-month exercise intervention.
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020 $a 9781267993359
035 $a (MiAaPQ)AAI1522340
035 $a AAI1522340
040 $a MiAaPQ $c MiAaPQ
100 1 $a Carter, Melissa. $3 2106184
245 1 0 $a Exploring the relationship between changes in bone mineral density, lean body mass, and hormones in active, adult males with osteopenia after a 12-month exercise intervention.
300 $a 215 p.
500 $a Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 51-05.
500 $a Adviser: Pamela Hinton.
502 $a Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri - Columbia, 2012.
520 $a INTRODUCTION: Weight-bearing exercise may positively affect bone via muscle contractions, impact forces, and hormonal changes; however, the relative importance of these factors remains controversial. PURPOSE: Thus, we examined the effects of 12 months of resistance training (RT, a high-muscle-force activity) or plyometric (PLY, a high-impact activity) exercise on bone mineral density (BMD) in active (≥4hr/wk), osteopenic, but otherwise healthy men between the ages of 25 and 60y (mean: 42 +/- 9.7y). We also examined the relationships between changes in lean body mass (LBM) and BMD of the whole body, weight-bearing (leg, hip) and non-weight-bearing (arm) sites. In addition, we examined the relationship between changes in BMD and changes in the concentrations of testosterone, free testosterone, and estradiol. METHODS: Participants were randomized to 12 months of supervised RT (2x/wk, N= 10) or PLY (3x/wk, N= 10). Each participant received supplemental calcium (1200 mg/d) and vitamin D (10 microg/d) for the duration of the study. LBM and BMD of the whole body, weight-bearing (legs and hips) and non-weight-bearing (arms) sites were measured at baseline and after the intervention using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Testosterone, free testosterone, and estradiol concentrations were assessed using commercially available ELISA kits. Effects of RT or PLY on changes in whole body and regional (i.e., upper/lower body) LBM and BMD and hormone concentrations were evaluated using a 2x2 ANOVA (time, group). Relationships between percent changes in LBM or hormones and BMD were assessed using Pearson's product moment correlations. RESULTS: Whole body (time, p= 0.025) and leg (time, p= 0.024) BMD significantly increased after the intervention with no differences between RT and PLY. By contrast, hip BMD increased in the RT group, but remained unchanged in PLY (group x time, p= 0.068). Whole body and leg LBM did not change significantly after 12 months of either RT or PLY. Arm LBM significantly decreased in the PLY group and remained unchanged in the RT group (group x time, p= 0.080). The percent change in whole body LBM was positively correlated with the percent change in left leg BMD (r= 0.581, p= 0.039) in the PLY group and was negatively correlated with the percent change in left leg BMD (r= -0.577, p= 0.040) in the RT group. The percent change in whole body LBM was positively correlated with the percent change in hip BMD (r= 0.565, p= 0.044) in the PLY group. The percent change in left arm LBM was positively correlated with the percent change in left arm BMD (r= 0.577, p= 0.047) in the RT group. There were no significant changes in total testosterone, free testosterone, or estradiol after the 12 month intervention in either group. The percent change in total testosterone was negatively correlated with the percent change in hip BMD in both the PLY (r= -0.643, p= 0.043) and the RT (r= -0.614, p= 0.039) groups. The percent change in estradiol was negatively correlated with the percent change in hip BMD (r= -0.735, p= 0.030) in the RT group. DISCUSSION: In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest that muscle contraction forces and impact forces may be potential mechanisms for osteogenesis in osteopenic men. Weight-bearing exercise that elicits either high- muscle-contraction forces or high-impact forces may positively affect whole body and leg BMD, while hip BMD increased following high-muscle-contraction force exercise in physically active men with osteopenia.
590 $a School code: 0133.
650 4 $a Health Sciences, General. $3 1017817
650 4 $a Health Sciences, Public Health. $3 1017659
690 $a 0566
690 $a 0573
710 2 $a University of Missouri - Columbia. $b Exercise Physiology. $3 2106185
773 0 $t Masters Abstracts International $g 51-05(E).
790 $a 0133
791 $a M.S.
792 $a 2012
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=1522340