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Aging and Exercise Training Effects ...

Akins, Tiffany.

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Aging and Exercise Training Effects on Cardiac Structure and Function.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Aging and Exercise Training Effects on Cardiac Structure and Function./
Author:	Akins, Tiffany.
Description:	146 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 74-06(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International74-06B(E).
Subject:	Health Sciences, Recreation. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3550773
ISBN:	9781267881397

Aging and Exercise Training Effects on Cardiac Structure and Function.
Akins, Tiffany.

Aging and Exercise Training Effects on Cardiac Structure and Function. - 146 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 74-06(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2013.

Aging is associated with alterations in cardiac structure and function. Exercise training is known to minimize these deleterious effects. The degree of benefit that exercise training has on the aging heart and the mechanisms involved are not well understood. We quantified exercise training of aging animals throughout one year and upon completion assessed cardiac function and structure. We divided 120 adult (24 month) male Fischer 344 X Brown Norway (FBN) rats into 3 groups based on exercise training intensity; high (HI), moderate (MI), and sedentary (Sed). MI and HI intensity animals trained at 13 m/min for 30 min/day, 5/days a week for one year, with the HI group at 4% incline and the MI group at 0%. VO2 and blood lactate responses to maximal exercise tests were measured at 24 months of age and every 3 months after until 36 months of age. The aged rats retained the ability to adapt to exercise training as measured by greater peak VO2 and blood lactate measures compared to the sedentary animals at every age. All groups had a decrease in peak VO2 and blood lactate after 30 months of age. To assess if the beneficial exercise adaptations translated to improvements in cardiac function we measured pressure and volume in vivo using conductance catheters. Sed animals had significantly decreased functional measures, when compared to 24 month old controls, and this decline in function was largely unaffected by exercise training. The aged animals did experience a significant increase in contractility measures, which we attributed to maintenance of ventricular-vascular coupling. Cardiac structure was analyzed for possible mechanisms that could explain the functional alterations observed. Frozen hearts were sectioned and assessed for cardiomyocyte size, and fibrosis content. Sections were also analyzed for markers of cardiomyocyte death using immunohistochemistry. Cardiomyocyte density and size was reduced with age, while fibrosis increased, and there was little effect of training. Necrosis marker C5b9 and autophagy marker beclin-1 were elevated with age however there was no training effect. The aged exercise animals had improved aerobic capacity however this often did not translate to benefits to cardiac structure and function.

ISBN: 9781267881397Subjects--Topical Terms:

1018003
Health Sciences, Recreation.

Aging and Exercise Training Effects on Cardiac Structure and Function.
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245 1 0 $a Aging and Exercise Training Effects on Cardiac Structure and Function.
300 $a 146 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 74-06(E), Section: B.
500 $a Adviser: Gary M. Diffee.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2013.
520 $a Aging is associated with alterations in cardiac structure and function. Exercise training is known to minimize these deleterious effects. The degree of benefit that exercise training has on the aging heart and the mechanisms involved are not well understood. We quantified exercise training of aging animals throughout one year and upon completion assessed cardiac function and structure. We divided 120 adult (24 month) male Fischer 344 X Brown Norway (FBN) rats into 3 groups based on exercise training intensity; high (HI), moderate (MI), and sedentary (Sed). MI and HI intensity animals trained at 13 m/min for 30 min/day, 5/days a week for one year, with the HI group at 4% incline and the MI group at 0%. VO2 and blood lactate responses to maximal exercise tests were measured at 24 months of age and every 3 months after until 36 months of age. The aged rats retained the ability to adapt to exercise training as measured by greater peak VO2 and blood lactate measures compared to the sedentary animals at every age. All groups had a decrease in peak VO2 and blood lactate after 30 months of age. To assess if the beneficial exercise adaptations translated to improvements in cardiac function we measured pressure and volume in vivo using conductance catheters. Sed animals had significantly decreased functional measures, when compared to 24 month old controls, and this decline in function was largely unaffected by exercise training. The aged animals did experience a significant increase in contractility measures, which we attributed to maintenance of ventricular-vascular coupling. Cardiac structure was analyzed for possible mechanisms that could explain the functional alterations observed. Frozen hearts were sectioned and assessed for cardiomyocyte size, and fibrosis content. Sections were also analyzed for markers of cardiomyocyte death using immunohistochemistry. Cardiomyocyte density and size was reduced with age, while fibrosis increased, and there was little effect of training. Necrosis marker C5b9 and autophagy marker beclin-1 were elevated with age however there was no training effect. The aged exercise animals had improved aerobic capacity however this often did not translate to benefits to cardiac structure and function.
590 $a School code: 0262.
650 4 $a Health Sciences, Recreation. $3 1018003
650 4 $a Health Sciences, Aging. $3 1669845
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