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The geometry and biomechanics of nor...

Harris, Michael Dennison.

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The geometry and biomechanics of normal and pathomorphologic human hips.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	The geometry and biomechanics of normal and pathomorphologic human hips./
Author:	Harris, Michael Dennison.
Description:	209 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 74-12(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International74-12B(E).
Subject:	Engineering, Biomedical. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3592417
ISBN:	9781303334542

The geometry and biomechanics of normal and pathomorphologic human hips.
Harris, Michael Dennison.

The geometry and biomechanics of normal and pathomorphologic human hips. - 209 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 74-12(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Utah, 2013.

Geometric abnormalities of the human hip joint, as found in femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) and acetabular dysplasia, alter hip biomechanics and may be the primary causes of osteoarthritis in young adults. However, empirical evidence of direct correlations between abnormal geometry, altered biomechanics, and osteoarthritis is scarce. Also, clinical measures used to diagnose FAI and dysplasia still have substantial limitations, including questions about their reliability, assumptions about hip joint geometry and their ability to definitively distinguish pathologic from normal hips. The goals of this dissertation are twofold. First, a set of tools are presented and applied to quantify three-dimensional (3D) anatomical differences between hips with FAI and control subjects. The 3D tools were developed, validated and applied to patients with a subtype of FAI, called cam FAI, to improve basic understanding of the spectrum of FAI deformities, and to provide meaningful new metrics of morphology that are relatable to current diagnostic methods and translate easily for clinical use. The second goal of this dissertation is to improve our understanding of intra-articular hip contact mechanics as well as hip joint kinematics and muscle forces. To do so, a finite element study of intra-articular cartilage contact mechanics was completed with a cohort of live human subjects, using a validated modeling protocol. Finally, musculoskeletal modeling was used with gait data from healthy subjects and acetabular dysplasia patients to provide preliminary estimates of hip joint kinematics, kinetics, and muscle forces and compare differences between the groups. The translational methods of this dissertation utilized techniques from orthopaedics, computer science, physical therapy, mechanics, and medical imaging. Results from this dissertation offer new insight into the complex pathomechanics and pathomorphology of FAI and acetabular dysplasia. Application and extension of the work of this dissertation has the potential to help establish links between FAI and dysplasia with osteoarthritis and to improve patient care.

ISBN: 9781303334542Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017684
Engineering, Biomedical.

The geometry and biomechanics of normal and pathomorphologic human hips.
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020 $a 9781303334542
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100 1 $a Harris, Michael Dennison. $3 2101132
245 1 4 $a The geometry and biomechanics of normal and pathomorphologic human hips.
300 $a 209 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 74-12(E), Section: B.
500 $a Adviser: Andrew E. Anderson.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Utah, 2013.
520 $a Geometric abnormalities of the human hip joint, as found in femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) and acetabular dysplasia, alter hip biomechanics and may be the primary causes of osteoarthritis in young adults. However, empirical evidence of direct correlations between abnormal geometry, altered biomechanics, and osteoarthritis is scarce. Also, clinical measures used to diagnose FAI and dysplasia still have substantial limitations, including questions about their reliability, assumptions about hip joint geometry and their ability to definitively distinguish pathologic from normal hips. The goals of this dissertation are twofold. First, a set of tools are presented and applied to quantify three-dimensional (3D) anatomical differences between hips with FAI and control subjects. The 3D tools were developed, validated and applied to patients with a subtype of FAI, called cam FAI, to improve basic understanding of the spectrum of FAI deformities, and to provide meaningful new metrics of morphology that are relatable to current diagnostic methods and translate easily for clinical use. The second goal of this dissertation is to improve our understanding of intra-articular hip contact mechanics as well as hip joint kinematics and muscle forces. To do so, a finite element study of intra-articular cartilage contact mechanics was completed with a cohort of live human subjects, using a validated modeling protocol. Finally, musculoskeletal modeling was used with gait data from healthy subjects and acetabular dysplasia patients to provide preliminary estimates of hip joint kinematics, kinetics, and muscle forces and compare differences between the groups. The translational methods of this dissertation utilized techniques from orthopaedics, computer science, physical therapy, mechanics, and medical imaging. Results from this dissertation offer new insight into the complex pathomechanics and pathomorphology of FAI and acetabular dysplasia. Application and extension of the work of this dissertation has the potential to help establish links between FAI and dysplasia with osteoarthritis and to improve patient care.
590 $a School code: 0240.
650 4 $a Engineering, Biomedical. $3 1017684
650 4 $a Biophysics, Biomechanics. $3 1035342
650 4 $a Health Sciences, Medicine and Surgery. $3 1017756
690 $a 0541
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710 2 $a The University of Utah. $b Bioengineering. $3 1672369
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 74-12B(E).
790 $a 0240
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2013
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3592417