東華大學圖書館 |

Language: English

Help

回圖書館首頁

手機版館藏查詢

Back

Switch To: Labeled | MARC Mode | ISBD

Frictional properties of faults: Fro...

Thomas, Marion Y.

Linked to FindBook

Google Book

Amazon

博客來

Frictional properties of faults: From observation on the Longitudinal Valley Fault, Taiwan, to dynamic simulations.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Frictional properties of faults: From observation on the Longitudinal Valley Fault, Taiwan, to dynamic simulations./
Author:	Thomas, Marion Y.
Description:	204 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 75-03(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International75-03B(E).
Subject:	Geology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3603162
ISBN:	9781303573927

Frictional properties of faults: From observation on the Longitudinal Valley Fault, Taiwan, to dynamic simulations.
Thomas, Marion Y.

Frictional properties of faults: From observation on the Longitudinal Valley Fault, Taiwan, to dynamic simulations. - 204 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 75-03(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--California Institute of Technology, 2014.

Faults can slip either aseismically or through episodic seismic ruptures, but we still do not understand the factors which determine the partitioning between these two modes of slip. This challenge can now be addressed thanks to the dense set of geodetic and seismological networks that have been deployed in various areas with active tectonics. The data from such networks, as well as modern remote sensing techniques, indeed allow documenting of the spatial and temporal variability of slip mode and give some insight. This is the approach taken in this study, which is focused on the Longitudinal Valley Fault (LVF) in Eastern Taiwan. This fault is particularly appropriate since the very fast slip rate (about 5 cm/yr) is accommodated by both seismic and aseismic slip. Deformation of anthropogenic features shows that aseismic creep accounts for a significant fraction of fault slip near the surface, but this fault also released energy seismically, since it has produced five Mw>6.8 earthquakes in 1951 and 2003. Moreover, flowing to the thrust component of slip, the fault zone is exhumed which allows investigation of deformation mechanisms. In order to put constraint on the factors that control the mode of slip, we apply a multidisciplinary approach that combines modeling of geodetic observations, structural analysis and numerical simulation of the "seismic cycle". Analyzing a dense set of geodetic and seismological data across the Longitudinal Valley, including campaign-mode GPS, continuous GPS (cGPS), leveling, accelerometric, and InSAR data, we document the partitioning between seismic and aseismic slip on the fault. For the time period 1992 to 2011, we found that about 80-90% of slip on the LVF in the 0-26 km seismogenic depth range is actually aseismic. The clay-rich Lichi Melange is identified as the key factor promoting creep at shallow depth. Microstructural investigations show that deformation within the fault zone must have resulted from a combination of frictional sliding at grain boundaries, cataclasis and pressure solution creep. Numerical modeling of earthquake sequences have been performed to investigate the possibility of reproducing the results from the kinematic inversion of geodetic and seismological data on the LVF. We first investigate the different modeling strategy that was developed to explore the role and relative importance of different factors on the manner in which slip accumulates on faults. We compare the results of quasi dynamic simulations and fully dynamic ones, and we conclude that ignoring the transient wave-mediated stress transfers would be inappropriate. We therefore carry on fully dynamic simulations and succeed in qualitatively reproducing the wide range of observations for the southern segment of the LVF. We conclude that the spatio-temporal evolution of fault slip on the Longitudinal Valley Fault over 1997-2011 is consistent to first order with prediction from a simple model in which a velocity-weakening patch is embedded in a velocity-strengthening area.

ISBN: 9781303573927Subjects--Topical Terms:

516570
Geology.

Frictional properties of faults: From observation on the Longitudinal Valley Fault, Taiwan, to dynamic simulations.
LDR:03966nam a2200265 4500 001 1963927
005 20141008090555.5
008 150210s2014 ||||||||||||||||| ||eng d
020 $a 9781303573927
035 $a (MiAaPQ)AAI3603162
035 $a AAI3603162
040 $a MiAaPQ $c MiAaPQ
100 1 $a Thomas, Marion Y. $3 2100272
245 1 0 $a Frictional properties of faults: From observation on the Longitudinal Valley Fault, Taiwan, to dynamic simulations.
300 $a 204 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 75-03(E), Section: B.
500 $a Advisers: Jean-Philippe Avouac; Nadia Lapusta.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--California Institute of Technology, 2014.
520 $a Faults can slip either aseismically or through episodic seismic ruptures, but we still do not understand the factors which determine the partitioning between these two modes of slip. This challenge can now be addressed thanks to the dense set of geodetic and seismological networks that have been deployed in various areas with active tectonics. The data from such networks, as well as modern remote sensing techniques, indeed allow documenting of the spatial and temporal variability of slip mode and give some insight. This is the approach taken in this study, which is focused on the Longitudinal Valley Fault (LVF) in Eastern Taiwan. This fault is particularly appropriate since the very fast slip rate (about 5 cm/yr) is accommodated by both seismic and aseismic slip. Deformation of anthropogenic features shows that aseismic creep accounts for a significant fraction of fault slip near the surface, but this fault also released energy seismically, since it has produced five Mw>6.8 earthquakes in 1951 and 2003. Moreover, flowing to the thrust component of slip, the fault zone is exhumed which allows investigation of deformation mechanisms. In order to put constraint on the factors that control the mode of slip, we apply a multidisciplinary approach that combines modeling of geodetic observations, structural analysis and numerical simulation of the "seismic cycle". Analyzing a dense set of geodetic and seismological data across the Longitudinal Valley, including campaign-mode GPS, continuous GPS (cGPS), leveling, accelerometric, and InSAR data, we document the partitioning between seismic and aseismic slip on the fault. For the time period 1992 to 2011, we found that about 80-90% of slip on the LVF in the 0-26 km seismogenic depth range is actually aseismic. The clay-rich Lichi Melange is identified as the key factor promoting creep at shallow depth. Microstructural investigations show that deformation within the fault zone must have resulted from a combination of frictional sliding at grain boundaries, cataclasis and pressure solution creep. Numerical modeling of earthquake sequences have been performed to investigate the possibility of reproducing the results from the kinematic inversion of geodetic and seismological data on the LVF. We first investigate the different modeling strategy that was developed to explore the role and relative importance of different factors on the manner in which slip accumulates on faults. We compare the results of quasi dynamic simulations and fully dynamic ones, and we conclude that ignoring the transient wave-mediated stress transfers would be inappropriate. We therefore carry on fully dynamic simulations and succeed in qualitatively reproducing the wide range of observations for the southern segment of the LVF. We conclude that the spatio-temporal evolution of fault slip on the Longitudinal Valley Fault over 1997-2011 is consistent to first order with prediction from a simple model in which a velocity-weakening patch is embedded in a velocity-strengthening area.
590 $a School code: 0037.
650 4 $a Geology. $3 516570
690 $a 0372
710 2 $a California Institute of Technology. $b Geology. $3 2100273
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 75-03B(E).
790 $a 0037
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2014
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3603162