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Molecular systematics of therian ord...

Madsen, Heather Amrine.

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Molecular systematics of therian orders and the molecular evolution of the apolipoprotein B gene across mammals.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Molecular systematics of therian orders and the molecular evolution of the apolipoprotein B gene across mammals./
Author:	Madsen, Heather Amrine.
Description:	176 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 64-01, Section: B, page: 0024.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International64-01B.
Subject:	Biology, Biostatistics. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3078995

Molecular systematics of therian orders and the molecular evolution of the apolipoprotein B gene across mammals.
Madsen, Heather Amrine.

Molecular systematics of therian orders and the molecular evolution of the apolipoprotein B gene across mammals. - 176 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 64-01, Section: B, page: 0024.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Riverside, 2003.

Despite years of intensive investigation, relationships among the extant orders of therian mammals remain unresolved. A well-resolved phylogeny for both placental and marsupial mammals is vital to understanding the timing and pattern of the mammalian radiation. In addition, resolution of the modern orders can guide researchers in choice of model organisms, future genome sequencing projects and can provide a backbone for tracing anatomical character development. Further, comparative molecular data sets can reveal aspects of the molecular evolution of genes including levels of selection. In order to address questions in higher-level marsupial systematics, portions of five nuclear genes were sequenced for representatives of all orders of marsupials. The resulting 6.4kb concatenation provided robust support for an association of the enigmatic South American <italic>Dromiciops gliroides</italic> with the four Australasian orders into the monophyletic superclade, Australidelphia. To address higher-level relationships within placental mammals, a new phylogenetic marker, a 1.3kb portion of exon 26 of the Apolipoprotein B (APOB) gene, was collected for 63 species representing all extant eutherian mammal orders. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses provide support for the superordinal clades Boreoeutheria, Euarchontoglires, Laurasiatheria, Xenarthra, Afrotheria, and Ostentoria (pangolins+carnivores), as well as for the monophyly of the orders Eulipotyphla, Primates, and Rodentia, all of which have recently been questioned. Parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses placed Afrotheria at the base of the placental radiation. An orthologous deletion of 363 by in the aligned APOB sequences proved phylogenetically informative and provided compelling evidence for Ostentoria. A smaller deletion of 237–246 by was diagnostic of the superordinal clade Afrotheria. The APOB data set was also used to elucidate aspects of the molecular evolution of the APOB gene. Maximum likelihood based analyses of levels of selection across the alignment revealed strong evidence of positive selection. Site 3480 is known to modulate the strength of binding between APOB and its receptor, and may be driven by positive selection for heterogeneous diets in different mammal lineages. The results of the selection analyses were combined with functional predictions from the program SIFT to rank known human non-synonomous mutations by their predicted functional consequences.Subjects--Topical Terms:

1018416
Biology, Biostatistics.

Molecular systematics of therian orders and the molecular evolution of the apolipoprotein B gene across mammals.
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100 1 $a Madsen, Heather Amrine. $3 1942989
245 1 0 $a Molecular systematics of therian orders and the molecular evolution of the apolipoprotein B gene across mammals.
300 $a 176 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 64-01, Section: B, page: 0024.
500 $a Chair: Mark Springer.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Riverside, 2003.
520 $a Despite years of intensive investigation, relationships among the extant orders of therian mammals remain unresolved. A well-resolved phylogeny for both placental and marsupial mammals is vital to understanding the timing and pattern of the mammalian radiation. In addition, resolution of the modern orders can guide researchers in choice of model organisms, future genome sequencing projects and can provide a backbone for tracing anatomical character development. Further, comparative molecular data sets can reveal aspects of the molecular evolution of genes including levels of selection. In order to address questions in higher-level marsupial systematics, portions of five nuclear genes were sequenced for representatives of all orders of marsupials. The resulting 6.4kb concatenation provided robust support for an association of the enigmatic South American <italic>Dromiciops gliroides</italic> with the four Australasian orders into the monophyletic superclade, Australidelphia. To address higher-level relationships within placental mammals, a new phylogenetic marker, a 1.3kb portion of exon 26 of the Apolipoprotein B (APOB) gene, was collected for 63 species representing all extant eutherian mammal orders. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses provide support for the superordinal clades Boreoeutheria, Euarchontoglires, Laurasiatheria, Xenarthra, Afrotheria, and Ostentoria (pangolins+carnivores), as well as for the monophyly of the orders Eulipotyphla, Primates, and Rodentia, all of which have recently been questioned. Parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses placed Afrotheria at the base of the placental radiation. An orthologous deletion of 363 by in the aligned APOB sequences proved phylogenetically informative and provided compelling evidence for Ostentoria. A smaller deletion of 237–246 by was diagnostic of the superordinal clade Afrotheria. The APOB data set was also used to elucidate aspects of the molecular evolution of the APOB gene. Maximum likelihood based analyses of levels of selection across the alignment revealed strong evidence of positive selection. Site 3480 is known to modulate the strength of binding between APOB and its receptor, and may be driven by positive selection for heterogeneous diets in different mammal lineages. The results of the selection analyses were combined with functional predictions from the program SIFT to rank known human non-synonomous mutations by their predicted functional consequences.
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710 2 0 $a University of California, Riverside. $3 791122
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 64-01B.
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