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Three essays in regional economics t...

Brewin, Derek Gerald.

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Three essays in regional economics that consider the importance of space, agglomeration, and income.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Three essays in regional economics that consider the importance of space, agglomeration, and income./
Author:	Brewin, Derek Gerald.
Description:	211 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 65-09, Section: A, page: 3493.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International65-09A.
Subject:	Economics, Agricultural. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3148638
ISBN:	0496070843

Three essays in regional economics that consider the importance of space, agglomeration, and income.
Brewin, Derek Gerald.

Three essays in regional economics that consider the importance of space, agglomeration, and income. - 211 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 65-09, Section: A, page: 3493.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Pennsylvania State University, 2004.

If the average real income of the an American citizen had grown at a rate of 2% over the last 30 years, rather than actual 1%, it would have increased current per capita income by roughly 34%.1 For the period of 1970 to 2000, the annual per capita income growth rates for the counties of the United State range from -1% to over 8%, representing enormous changes in regional wealth.2 To help understand why these regional rates are so different, the first essay of this dissertation considers the impact of urban characteristics on convergence in incomes. Convergence is a theoretical assertion of the neoclassical growth model. Based on diminishing returns from capital, the neoclassical model suggests that the rate of growth should be more rapid over time when a given economy starts with less capital, and less income. Using a spatially dependent model of growth as a function of starting income, education and rural dummy variables, Essay 1 of this dissertation finds evidence of convergence in rural and small urban counties, but they are converging at different rates. There is no evidence that the large cities of America are converging. This could be due to urban agglomeration economies, where clusters of industries face lower costs due to economies of scale in service provision and from knowledge spillovers.

ISBN: 0496070843Subjects--Topical Terms:

626648
Economics, Agricultural.

Three essays in regional economics that consider the importance of space, agglomeration, and income.
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245 1 0 $a Three essays in regional economics that consider the importance of space, agglomeration, and income.
300 $a 211 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 65-09, Section: A, page: 3493.
500 $a Advisers: David Abler; Martin Shields.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Pennsylvania State University, 2004.
520 $a If the average real income of the an American citizen had grown at a rate of 2% over the last 30 years, rather than actual 1%, it would have increased current per capita income by roughly 34%.1 For the period of 1970 to 2000, the annual per capita income growth rates for the counties of the United State range from -1% to over 8%, representing enormous changes in regional wealth.2 To help understand why these regional rates are so different, the first essay of this dissertation considers the impact of urban characteristics on convergence in incomes. Convergence is a theoretical assertion of the neoclassical growth model. Based on diminishing returns from capital, the neoclassical model suggests that the rate of growth should be more rapid over time when a given economy starts with less capital, and less income. Using a spatially dependent model of growth as a function of starting income, education and rural dummy variables, Essay 1 of this dissertation finds evidence of convergence in rural and small urban counties, but they are converging at different rates. There is no evidence that the large cities of America are converging. This could be due to urban agglomeration economies, where clusters of industries face lower costs due to economies of scale in service provision and from knowledge spillovers.
520 $a Essay 2 considers the role of local amenities, migration and human capital, or education, in the differing growth rates for urban and rural counties suggested by Essay 1. This essay uses a four equation structural model with assumed spatial dependence and simultaneity. With adjustments for changing human capital, populations, and amenities, conditional convergence is supported in all of the counties of the U.S., although significant differences between urban and rural cohorts remain. Migration tends to speed up income and human capital growth. Convergence is also supported for human capital. The least educated regions are more likely to see rapid improvement in their human capital.
520 $a Essay 3 looks at the growth of one industry, primary pork production, at the U.S. county level. The forces of agglomeration, amenities and local population characteristics developed in the first two essays are incorporated into predictive models of local hog densities and the recent growth in these hog densities. Theoretically important input price and availability variables, especially related to feed and land, are supported in the predictive model of the local density of hogs. Contrary to predictions, agglomerations in this industry are not supportive to future growth. Possibly due to congestion over the limited resource of cultivated land for manure disposal, counties with high beginning densities saw less growth than those with low starting densities. Recent increases in regulatory stringency have also had a negative impact on hog density increases.
520 $a 1According to the U.S. Department of Commerce, the average per capita income of Americans in 2002 was $3 0,906. The average real growth rate for the U.S. from 1972 to 2002 was 1.15%. 2See Table 1 of this dissertation.
590 $a School code: 0176.
650 4 $a Economics, Agricultural. $3 626648
650 4 $a Urban and Regional Planning. $3 1017841
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710 2 0 $a The Pennsylvania State University. $3 699896
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 65-09A.
790 1 0 $a Abler, David, $e advisor
790 1 0 $a Shields, Martin, $e advisor
790 $a 0176
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2004
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3148638