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Perception of talker differences in ...

Cleary, Miranda.

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Perception of talker differences in normal-hearing children and hearing-impaired children with cochlear implants.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Perception of talker differences in normal-hearing children and hearing-impaired children with cochlear implants./
Author:	Cleary, Miranda.
Description:	210 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 64-06, Section: B, page: 2949.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International64-06B.
Subject:	Psychology, Cognitive. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3094092
ISBN:	0496417940

Perception of talker differences in normal-hearing children and hearing-impaired children with cochlear implants.
Cleary, Miranda.

Perception of talker differences in normal-hearing children and hearing-impaired children with cochlear implants. - 210 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 64-06, Section: B, page: 2949.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, 2003.

The perception of talker differences was examined in normal-hearing five-year-old children and in hearing-impaired pediatric cochlear implant users, five to twelve years of age. For all hearing-impaired children, the onset of deafness occurred prior to age three years, and each child had at least two years of implant experience at time of testing. In two preliminary studies, children who use cochlear implants were found to have difficulty discriminating among talkers that were easily discriminated by normal-hearing children. The main experiment examined the influence of voice similarity on talker discrimination. Recorded sentences were manipulated using a high-quality speech resynthesis procedure to form a stimulus continuum of similar-sounding voices. An adaptive procedure for eliciting judgments of "same talker" vs. "different talker" was developed to determine how acoustically different, in terms of average fundamental and formant frequencies, two sentences needed to be for a listener to categorize the sentences as spoken by two different talkers. We found that the spectral envelopes of two utterances, including their fundamental frequencies, needed to differ by at least 11--16%, or 2--2.5 semitones, for normal-hearing children to perceive the voices as belonging to different talkers. Normal-hearing children maintained the perception of voice individuality over a larger frequency shift than previously studied normal-hearing adults. Although several individual children with cochlear implants exhibited response patterns that resembled those of normal-hearing children, most of the hearing-impaired children experienced difficulty perceiving even large differences between talkers. Within the implant group, better talker discrimination performance was associated with higher scores on spoken word recognition tests. Our results suggest that poor discrimination of mean fundamental and formant frequencies, the primary acoustic correlates of voice pitch and voice timbre, is a factor contributing to implanted children's difficulty with talker discrimination tasks. Additionally, the present findings offer specific predictions regarding the degree to which natural voices must differ, with respect to average fundamental and formant frequencies, for normal-hearing children to perceive a change in talker. We discuss possible implications for understanding the difficulties in speech perception experienced by normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners when frequent talker shifts or multiple voice sources are present in the speech signal.

ISBN: 0496417940Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017810
Psychology, Cognitive.

Perception of talker differences in normal-hearing children and hearing-impaired children with cochlear implants.
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245 1 0 $a Perception of talker differences in normal-hearing children and hearing-impaired children with cochlear implants.
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500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 64-06, Section: B, page: 2949.
500 $a Adviser: David B. Pisoni.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, 2003.
520 $a The perception of talker differences was examined in normal-hearing five-year-old children and in hearing-impaired pediatric cochlear implant users, five to twelve years of age. For all hearing-impaired children, the onset of deafness occurred prior to age three years, and each child had at least two years of implant experience at time of testing. In two preliminary studies, children who use cochlear implants were found to have difficulty discriminating among talkers that were easily discriminated by normal-hearing children. The main experiment examined the influence of voice similarity on talker discrimination. Recorded sentences were manipulated using a high-quality speech resynthesis procedure to form a stimulus continuum of similar-sounding voices. An adaptive procedure for eliciting judgments of "same talker" vs. "different talker" was developed to determine how acoustically different, in terms of average fundamental and formant frequencies, two sentences needed to be for a listener to categorize the sentences as spoken by two different talkers. We found that the spectral envelopes of two utterances, including their fundamental frequencies, needed to differ by at least 11--16%, or 2--2.5 semitones, for normal-hearing children to perceive the voices as belonging to different talkers. Normal-hearing children maintained the perception of voice individuality over a larger frequency shift than previously studied normal-hearing adults. Although several individual children with cochlear implants exhibited response patterns that resembled those of normal-hearing children, most of the hearing-impaired children experienced difficulty perceiving even large differences between talkers. Within the implant group, better talker discrimination performance was associated with higher scores on spoken word recognition tests. Our results suggest that poor discrimination of mean fundamental and formant frequencies, the primary acoustic correlates of voice pitch and voice timbre, is a factor contributing to implanted children's difficulty with talker discrimination tasks. Additionally, the present findings offer specific predictions regarding the degree to which natural voices must differ, with respect to average fundamental and formant frequencies, for normal-hearing children to perceive a change in talker. We discuss possible implications for understanding the difficulties in speech perception experienced by normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners when frequent talker shifts or multiple voice sources are present in the speech signal.
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