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Evolution of neotropical freshwater ...

Marques, Fernando Portella de Luna.

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Evolution of neotropical freshwater stingrays and their parasites: Taking into account space and time.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Evolution of neotropical freshwater stingrays and their parasites: Taking into account space and time./
Author:	Marques, Fernando Portella de Luna.
Description:	325 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 61-06, Section: B, page: 2937.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International61-06B.
Subject:	Biology, Ecology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=NQ50066
ISBN:	9780612500662

Evolution of neotropical freshwater stingrays and their parasites: Taking into account space and time.
Marques, Fernando Portella de Luna.

Evolution of neotropical freshwater stingrays and their parasites: Taking into account space and time. - 325 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 61-06, Section: B, page: 2937.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Toronto (Canada), 2000.

The purpose of my study was to address the origins and patterns of diversification of Neotropical freshwater stingrays of the family Potamotrygonidae using molecular systematic methods and parasitological data.

ISBN: 9780612500662Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017726
Biology, Ecology.

Evolution of neotropical freshwater stingrays and their parasites: Taking into account space and time.
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100 1 $a Marques, Fernando Portella de Luna. $3 1924462
245 1 0 $a Evolution of neotropical freshwater stingrays and their parasites: Taking into account space and time.
300 $a 325 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 61-06, Section: B, page: 2937.
500 $a Adviser: Daniel R. Brooks.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Toronto (Canada), 2000.
520 $a The purpose of my study was to address the origins and patterns of diversification of Neotropical freshwater stingrays of the family Potamotrygonidae using molecular systematic methods and parasitological data.
520 $a Phylogenetic analysis of sequences from 12S, 16S, CO I, and cyt- b genes combined with 65 morphological characters for 19 terminals suggested that freshwater potamotrygonids are monophyletic and that amphi-American Himantura is their closest marine relative.
520 $a Phylogenetic analysis of cytochrome-b gene for 14 freshwater potamotrygonids generated 2 equally parsimonious trees. Ambiguity occurred in the sister group-relationships among Plesiotrygon, Potamotrygon yepezi and an undescribed species from Upper Rio Negro. The differences indicate that Potamotrygon is not a monophyletic group.
520 $a Molecular clock estimates indicated that the divergence of freshwater potamotrygonids occurred approximately 19 MYA (late Oligocene -- early Miocene origin). However, the inclusion of confidence limits suggested that the divergence could have taken place anywhere from 6--38 MYA, i.e., as early as Middle Eocene.
520 $a The biogeographical analysis based on the phylogeny for freshwater potamotrygonids and six clades of characiform fishes produced six equally parsimonious area cladograms for 14 biogeographical regions within South America. The results, when contrasted with paleogeographical models, suggested that vicariance events due to tectonic episodes, the Miocene seaway, and Plio-Pleistocene Amazon Lagoon all imposed patterns of diversification on these components of the Neotropical fauna.
520 $a For the parasites studied, three new genera of phyllobothriid cestodes were erected. Aseptobothrium gen. n. was erected to receive Caulobothrium anacolum inhabiting Himantura schmardae from the Caribbean. In addition, two unusual phyllobothriids inhabiting freshwater potamotrygonids were also erected: Anindobothrium gen. n., and Plesiorhinebothroides gen. n. Finally, a taxonomic review of Rhinebothroides was provided, in which four species were recognized: R. freitasi, R. glandularis, R. moralarai, and R. scorzai.
520 $a A phylogenetic analysis of selected genera of phyllobothriids based on 20 morphological characters for 17 terminal taxa generated 28 equally most parsimonious trees. The strict consensus resolved three clades: (i) Aseptobothrium + Anindobothrium, (ii) ( Caulobothrium (Rhadbotobothium + Rhinebothroides )), and (iii) Plesiorhinebothroides + Rhinebothroides. Anthocephalum was considered paraphyletic. Successive weighting resolved the following topology for Rhinebothroides : (R. freitasi (R. glandularis (R. moralarai + R. scorzai))).
520 $a A taxonomic review of the onchobothriid genus Potamotrygonocestus was presented in which six species were recognized. Potamotrygonocestus orinocoensis was considered junior synonym of P. travassosi , and P. chaoi, P. fitzgeraldae, and P. maurae were described as new species. Phylogenetic analysis of six morphological characters generated a single phylogenetic hypothesis: (P. maurae ((P. amazonensis + P. magdalenensis)(P. chaoi (P. fitzgeraldae + P. travassosi)))).
520 $a The biogeographical analysis of selected clades of parasites and belonid fishes suggested that the areas which today comprise the Eastern Pacific and the Caribbean were once a single biogeographical component, and that divergence of the South America freshwater fauna occurred prior to the divergence of the eastern Pacific from the Caribbean and other areas in the Atlantic. This result coupled with molecular clock estimates suggested that freshwater potamotrygonids and neotropical freshwater belonid fishes diverged from their marine ancestor during the Early-Mid Miocene northern marine incursion into South America.
590 $a School code: 0779.
650 4 $a Biology, Ecology. $3 1017726
650 4 $a Biology, Zoology. $3 1018632
690 $a 0329
690 $a 0472
710 2 $a University of Toronto (Canada). $3 1017674
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 61-06B.
790 1 0 $a Brooks, Daniel R., $e advisor
790 $a 0779
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2000
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=NQ50066