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Reproductive biology, phylogenetic a...

Meisner, Amy Lynn Downing.

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Reproductive biology, phylogenetic analysis, taxonomic revision, and biogeography of the viviparous halfbeak genera Dermogenys and Nomorhamphus (Teleostei: Hemiramphidae).

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Reproductive biology, phylogenetic analysis, taxonomic revision, and biogeography of the viviparous halfbeak genera Dermogenys and Nomorhamphus (Teleostei: Hemiramphidae)./
Author:	Meisner, Amy Lynn Downing.
Description:	335 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 58-12, Section: B, page: 6435.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International58-12B.
Subject:	Biology, Zoology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9817625
ISBN:	9780591690385

Reproductive biology, phylogenetic analysis, taxonomic revision, and biogeography of the viviparous halfbeak genera Dermogenys and Nomorhamphus (Teleostei: Hemiramphidae).
Meisner, Amy Lynn Downing.

Reproductive biology, phylogenetic analysis, taxonomic revision, and biogeography of the viviparous halfbeak genera Dermogenys and Nomorhamphus (Teleostei: Hemiramphidae). - 335 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 58-12, Section: B, page: 6435.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The George Washington University, 1998.

The family Hemiramphidae, or halfbeaks, comprises 13 genera and over 100 nominal species of atherinomorph fishes. Halfbeaks inhabit fresh and marine waters and most are characterized by an elongate lower jaw. Three genera, Dermogenys, Nomorhamphus, and Hemirhamphodon are internally fertilized and viviparous. These genera belong to a more inclusive clade with Zenarchopterus, inferred to be internally fertilized and to lay fertilized eggs, and the monotypic Tondanichthys, also inferred to be internally fertilized. Whereas the Hemiramphidae are distributed worldwide, internally fertilized halfbeaks are restricted to Southeast Asia. The taxonomy of Dermogenys and Nomorhamphus has been in a state of confusion for over a century. Past taxonomic revisions have utilized overlapping meristic and morphometric characters as well as characters of the modified anal fin in males to diagnose species. Consequently, much confusion currently exists concerning the validity of described species, generic limits, the phylogeny of the included taxa, and the nature and variability of the reproductive structures in Dermogenys and Nomorhamphus. In an attempt to find new characters for use in a phylogenetic analysis, an histological survey of the gonads of both males and females as well as embryonic modifications associated with viviparity was carried out. This study has identified two sperm bundle types and five types of viviparity in the species of Dermogenys and Nomorhamphus examined. These histological characters are informative at different levels in the phylogenetic analysis. Osteological and reproductive characters were combined in a phylogenetic analysis. Results from this study indicate overwhelming support of a sister-group relationship between Hemirhamphodon and (Dermogenys + Nomorhamphus). Monophyly of Dermogenys + Nomorhamphus is also well supported. These results suggest that Dermogenys, as currently constituted is paraphyletic. Within the group comprised of Dermogenys + Nomorhamphus two monophyletic clades are supported. One clade comprises nine species of Dermogenys, including the type species, and the other clade comprises 13 species of Nomorhamphus, including the type species. From the proposed relationships, an area cladogram is constructed and the distribution patterns of these fishes is discussed in light of theories of the biogeographic history of Southeast Asia. This study presents diagnoses for the species of Dermogenys and Nomorhamphus as well as a natural classification for the included species.

ISBN: 9780591690385Subjects--Topical Terms:

1018632
Biology, Zoology.

Reproductive biology, phylogenetic analysis, taxonomic revision, and biogeography of the viviparous halfbeak genera Dermogenys and Nomorhamphus (Teleostei: Hemiramphidae).
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100 1 $a Meisner, Amy Lynn Downing. $3 1914694
245 1 0 $a Reproductive biology, phylogenetic analysis, taxonomic revision, and biogeography of the viviparous halfbeak genera Dermogenys and Nomorhamphus (Teleostei: Hemiramphidae).
300 $a 335 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 58-12, Section: B, page: 6435.
500 $a Directors: John R. Burns; Lynne R. Parenti.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--The George Washington University, 1998.
520 $a The family Hemiramphidae, or halfbeaks, comprises 13 genera and over 100 nominal species of atherinomorph fishes. Halfbeaks inhabit fresh and marine waters and most are characterized by an elongate lower jaw. Three genera, Dermogenys, Nomorhamphus, and Hemirhamphodon are internally fertilized and viviparous. These genera belong to a more inclusive clade with Zenarchopterus, inferred to be internally fertilized and to lay fertilized eggs, and the monotypic Tondanichthys, also inferred to be internally fertilized. Whereas the Hemiramphidae are distributed worldwide, internally fertilized halfbeaks are restricted to Southeast Asia. The taxonomy of Dermogenys and Nomorhamphus has been in a state of confusion for over a century. Past taxonomic revisions have utilized overlapping meristic and morphometric characters as well as characters of the modified anal fin in males to diagnose species. Consequently, much confusion currently exists concerning the validity of described species, generic limits, the phylogeny of the included taxa, and the nature and variability of the reproductive structures in Dermogenys and Nomorhamphus. In an attempt to find new characters for use in a phylogenetic analysis, an histological survey of the gonads of both males and females as well as embryonic modifications associated with viviparity was carried out. This study has identified two sperm bundle types and five types of viviparity in the species of Dermogenys and Nomorhamphus examined. These histological characters are informative at different levels in the phylogenetic analysis. Osteological and reproductive characters were combined in a phylogenetic analysis. Results from this study indicate overwhelming support of a sister-group relationship between Hemirhamphodon and (Dermogenys + Nomorhamphus). Monophyly of Dermogenys + Nomorhamphus is also well supported. These results suggest that Dermogenys, as currently constituted is paraphyletic. Within the group comprised of Dermogenys + Nomorhamphus two monophyletic clades are supported. One clade comprises nine species of Dermogenys, including the type species, and the other clade comprises 13 species of Nomorhamphus, including the type species. From the proposed relationships, an area cladogram is constructed and the distribution patterns of these fishes is discussed in light of theories of the biogeographic history of Southeast Asia. This study presents diagnoses for the species of Dermogenys and Nomorhamphus as well as a natural classification for the included species.
590 $a School code: 0075.
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710 2 0 $a The George Washington University. $3 1017405
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 58-12B.
790 1 0 $a Burns, John R., $e advisor
790 1 0 $a Parenti, Lynne R., $e advisor
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856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9817625