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The nuclear organization and connect...

Abrahamson, Eric E.

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The nuclear organization and connections of the posterior hypothalamus.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	The nuclear organization and connections of the posterior hypothalamus./
作者:	Abrahamson, Eric E.
面頁冊數:	208 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 63-05, Section: B, page: 2223.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International63-05B.
標題:	Biology, Neuroscience. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3054250
ISBN:	049369532X

The nuclear organization and connections of the posterior hypothalamus.
Abrahamson, Eric E.

The nuclear organization and connections of the posterior hypothalamus. - 208 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 63-05, Section: B, page: 2223.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Pittsburgh, 2002.

The circadian rhythm in sleep and wakefulness (behavioral state) is a fundamental adaptation to the solar cycle. Defining the neural systems responsible for the normal generation, maintenance and circadian regulation of behavioral state is critical for a better understanding of the underlying cause of sleep/wake disruptions in neurological disorders. The general hypothesis of this dissertation is that the posterior hypothalamus is an arousal system, and, as such, is a major diencephalic component of the ascending reticular activating system, and an effector site of the neural circuit necessary for the elaboration of circadian locomotor activity rhythms.

ISBN: 049369532XSubjects--Topical Terms:

1017680
Biology, Neuroscience.

The nuclear organization and connections of the posterior hypothalamus.
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100 1 $a Abrahamson, Eric E. $3 1907214
245 1 4 $a The nuclear organization and connections of the posterior hypothalamus.
300 $a 208 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 63-05, Section: B, page: 2223.
500 $a Adviser: Robert Y. Moore.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Pittsburgh, 2002.
520 $a The circadian rhythm in sleep and wakefulness (behavioral state) is a fundamental adaptation to the solar cycle. Defining the neural systems responsible for the normal generation, maintenance and circadian regulation of behavioral state is critical for a better understanding of the underlying cause of sleep/wake disruptions in neurological disorders. The general hypothesis of this dissertation is that the posterior hypothalamus is an arousal system, and, as such, is a major diencephalic component of the ascending reticular activating system, and an effector site of the neural circuit necessary for the elaboration of circadian locomotor activity rhythms.
520 $a The nuclear organization, peptide phenotype and neural connections of the posterior hypothalamus are examined with classical immunohistological techniques to test the hypothesis that the region receives ascending input from the brainstem reticular formation and descending input from the basal forebrain and suprachiasmatic nucleus. The role of the posterior hypothalamus in the circadian regulation of behavioral state is then assessed functionally by examining the results of site specific lesions of the area, and of destruction of inputs from the circadian timing system, on the expression of circadian locomotor activity rhythms.
520 $a The results of these studies reveal that the posterior hypothalamus is differentiated into cytoarchitecturally-defined subdivisions that each contains unique proportions of peptide-producing neurons. The components of the posterior hypothalamus, including those which are known to project widely over the central nervous system, receive descending input from the limbic forebrain (cingulate cortex, lateral septum and basal forebrain) and both the medial and lateral hypothalamus (including the suprachiasmatic nuclei), and ascending projections from brainstem cholinergic nuclei, the reticular formation, midbrain raphe nuclei, periaqueductal gray and parabrachial nucleus. Posterior hypothalamic neurons producing the peptides hypocretin and melanin-concentrating hormone receive direct projections from the suprachiasmatic nucleus, and destruction of these afferents results in selective elimination of circadian locomotor activity rhythms. Cell specific lesions of components of the posterior hypothalamus itself result in decreased activity rhythm amplitude with retention of circadian rhythmicity, in accord with the area's role as a wake center.
520 $a These data support the hypothesis that the posterior hypothalamus is a highly differentiated component of the forebrain circuit involved in sleep/wake regulation, and serves as an effector site of the circadian timing system. By integrating input from the brainstem reticular activating system with projections from the suprachiasmatic circadian pacemaker, the posterior hypothalamus functions to temporally organize oscillations in behavioral state into rhythms with 24-hour periods, allowing appropriately timed expression of adaptive behavior.
590 $a School code: 0178.
650 4 $a Biology, Neuroscience. $3 1017680
650 4 $a Biology, Animal Physiology. $3 1017835
690 $a 0317
690 $a 0433
710 2 0 $a University of Pittsburgh. $3 958527
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 63-05B.
790 1 0 $a Moore, Robert Y., $e advisor
790 $a 0178
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2002
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