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An investigation of perceptual load,...

Pak, Richard.

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An investigation of perceptual load, aging, and the functional field of view.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	An investigation of perceptual load, aging, and the functional field of view./
Author:	Pak, Richard.
Description:	114 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 66-11, Section: B, page: 6318.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International66-11B.
Subject:	Psychology, Experimental. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3198584
ISBN:	0542434067

An investigation of perceptual load, aging, and the functional field of view.
Pak, Richard.

An investigation of perceptual load, aging, and the functional field of view. - 114 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 66-11, Section: B, page: 6318.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005.

A common metaphor for visual attention is the spotlight (Posner, 1980). It follows from the spotlight metaphor and other similar models (e.g., zoom-lens model; Eriksen & St. James, 1986; Eriksen & Yeh, 1985) that attention can, according to task-demands, be constricted into a focused beam (i.e., analogous to selective attention) or dilated to encompass a larger breadth (i.e., analogous to divided attention). Much of the research examining how task factors affect the size of attention, or the functional field of view, has focused on memory load manipulations (e.g., Williams, 1989). It is less clear how variations in perceptual load of a display affect the FFOV. Recently, Lavie (1995; Lavie et al., 2004) proposed that the critical determinant of selective attention (i.e., a constriction of the FFOV) was the perceptual load imposed by the task---selective attention is a necessary outcome of limited perceptual processing capacity. Age-related differences in perceptual processing capacity (e.g., Maylor & Lavie, 1998) may then explain observed age-related differences in FFOV size (e.g., Ball, Beard, Roenker, Miller, & Griggs, 1988). The current study examined how perceptual load and aging affected the FFOV. Younger and older participants viewed brief displays in which they engaged in two tasks: the first task was a perceptual load manipulation, while the second task provided a measure of the FFOV. It was predicted that perceptual load of the task would be a determinant of the size of the FFOV such that high perceptual load tasks would lead to a more constricted FFOV. However, another model of attention, the multiple resource model (Wickens, 2002), predicted that perceptual load of the task is not the critical determinant of performance; instead, the distance between the primary and secondary task (i.e., eccentricity of secondary task) may be the critical determinant of secondary task performance. Tasks that are close to each other should interfere more than tasks that are farther away from each other. The results support the notion that perceptual load is a determinant of the functional field of view.

ISBN: 0542434067Subjects--Topical Terms:

517106
Psychology, Experimental.

An investigation of perceptual load, aging, and the functional field of view.
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100 1 $a Pak, Richard. $3 1907135
245 1 3 $a An investigation of perceptual load, aging, and the functional field of view.
300 $a 114 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 66-11, Section: B, page: 6318.
500 $a Director: Wendy A. Rogers.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005.
520 $a A common metaphor for visual attention is the spotlight (Posner, 1980). It follows from the spotlight metaphor and other similar models (e.g., zoom-lens model; Eriksen & St. James, 1986; Eriksen & Yeh, 1985) that attention can, according to task-demands, be constricted into a focused beam (i.e., analogous to selective attention) or dilated to encompass a larger breadth (i.e., analogous to divided attention). Much of the research examining how task factors affect the size of attention, or the functional field of view, has focused on memory load manipulations (e.g., Williams, 1989). It is less clear how variations in perceptual load of a display affect the FFOV. Recently, Lavie (1995; Lavie et al., 2004) proposed that the critical determinant of selective attention (i.e., a constriction of the FFOV) was the perceptual load imposed by the task---selective attention is a necessary outcome of limited perceptual processing capacity. Age-related differences in perceptual processing capacity (e.g., Maylor & Lavie, 1998) may then explain observed age-related differences in FFOV size (e.g., Ball, Beard, Roenker, Miller, & Griggs, 1988). The current study examined how perceptual load and aging affected the FFOV. Younger and older participants viewed brief displays in which they engaged in two tasks: the first task was a perceptual load manipulation, while the second task provided a measure of the FFOV. It was predicted that perceptual load of the task would be a determinant of the size of the FFOV such that high perceptual load tasks would lead to a more constricted FFOV. However, another model of attention, the multiple resource model (Wickens, 2002), predicted that perceptual load of the task is not the critical determinant of performance; instead, the distance between the primary and secondary task (i.e., eccentricity of secondary task) may be the critical determinant of secondary task performance. Tasks that are close to each other should interfere more than tasks that are farther away from each other. The results support the notion that perceptual load is a determinant of the functional field of view.
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