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Effects of antioxidants on cancer an...

Wang, Shaoshan.

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Effects of antioxidants on cancer and its therapy.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Effects of antioxidants on cancer and its therapy./
Author:	Wang, Shaoshan.
Description:	146 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 66-07, Section: B, page: 3654.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International66-07B.
Subject:	Health Sciences, Pharmacology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3180825
ISBN:	0542208482

Effects of antioxidants on cancer and its therapy.
Wang, Shaoshan.

Effects of antioxidants on cancer and its therapy. - 146 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 66-07, Section: B, page: 3654.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 2005.

In recent years, free radicals have been suggested to play important roles in the pathogenesis of many disorders including carcinogenesis, neurodegenerative diseases, inflammation, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, etc. However, the exact nature and identification of their mechanisms in these disease conditions remains elusive. Therefore, antioxidant therapy has been raised as an optional approach to provide some benefit in the treatment, or as an adjunct in supplement form to prevent or treat such chronic diseases. Astaxanthin (3,3'-dihydroxy-beta, beta' -carotene-4,4'-dione), a naturally-occuring xanthophyll carotenoid, lacking pro-Vitamin A activity, has been found to be a very potent antioxidant at neutralizing or scavenging biologically toxic free radicals in vitro. In this study, the anti-tumor effects of astaxanthin alone, as well as in combination with two standard chemotherapy agents, were investigated both in vitro and in vivo. The results indicate that astaxanthin itself had little effect on B16 melanoma and Lewis's lung carcinoma (LLC) cell proliferation, but had moderate effects on endothelial (BCE) cell proliferation and B16 cell apoptosis. However, astaxanthin significantly potentated 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced apoptosis on BCE, B16 and LLC cells. In addition, in vivo animal tumor studies demonstrated that astaxanthin in combination with 5-FU or cyclophosphamide (CTX) could increase either 5-FU- or CTX-induced inhibitory effects on LLC and B16 tumor growth and decrease the toxicity induced by CTX. Importantly, astaxanthin alone or in combination with these standard chemotherapeutic agents failed to prevent their benefits and had no pro-carcinogenic activity by itself. These results suggest standard anticancer agents may be useful at lower doses when combined with certain antioxidants to achieve the same therapeutic effects of these agents alone at higher doses. Future work is needed to define new strategies in the clinical management of cancers in patients by possibly employing antioxidant combination therapy.

ISBN: 0542208482Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017717
Health Sciences, Pharmacology.

Effects of antioxidants on cancer and its therapy.
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502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 2005.
520 $a In recent years, free radicals have been suggested to play important roles in the pathogenesis of many disorders including carcinogenesis, neurodegenerative diseases, inflammation, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, etc. However, the exact nature and identification of their mechanisms in these disease conditions remains elusive. Therefore, antioxidant therapy has been raised as an optional approach to provide some benefit in the treatment, or as an adjunct in supplement form to prevent or treat such chronic diseases. Astaxanthin (3,3'-dihydroxy-beta, beta' -carotene-4,4'-dione), a naturally-occuring xanthophyll carotenoid, lacking pro-Vitamin A activity, has been found to be a very potent antioxidant at neutralizing or scavenging biologically toxic free radicals in vitro. In this study, the anti-tumor effects of astaxanthin alone, as well as in combination with two standard chemotherapy agents, were investigated both in vitro and in vivo. The results indicate that astaxanthin itself had little effect on B16 melanoma and Lewis's lung carcinoma (LLC) cell proliferation, but had moderate effects on endothelial (BCE) cell proliferation and B16 cell apoptosis. However, astaxanthin significantly potentated 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced apoptosis on BCE, B16 and LLC cells. In addition, in vivo animal tumor studies demonstrated that astaxanthin in combination with 5-FU or cyclophosphamide (CTX) could increase either 5-FU- or CTX-induced inhibitory effects on LLC and B16 tumor growth and decrease the toxicity induced by CTX. Importantly, astaxanthin alone or in combination with these standard chemotherapeutic agents failed to prevent their benefits and had no pro-carcinogenic activity by itself. These results suggest standard anticancer agents may be useful at lower doses when combined with certain antioxidants to achieve the same therapeutic effects of these agents alone at higher doses. Future work is needed to define new strategies in the clinical management of cancers in patients by possibly employing antioxidant combination therapy.
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