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The development of a vaccine against...

Kim, Hwan Keun.

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The development of a vaccine against Staphylococcus aureus.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	The development of a vaccine against Staphylococcus aureus./
Author:	Kim, Hwan Keun.
Description:	126 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 72-06, Section: B, page: .
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International72-06B.
Subject:	Biology, Microbiology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3445029
ISBN:	9781124535821

The development of a vaccine against Staphylococcus aureus.
Kim, Hwan Keun.

The development of a vaccine against Staphylococcus aureus. - 126 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 72-06, Section: B, page: .

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Chicago, 2011.

Staphylococcus aureus causes significant morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Emergence of multiple antibiotic resistant strains in both hospital- and community-acquired staphylococcal infections limits possible treatment options and threatens healthcare to return to the pre-antibiotic era. Vancomycin is the antibiotic of last resort to cure methicillin (drug)-resistant S. aureus infections, however strains resistant to this compound have already been isolated. To address these issues, much effort has been directed at developing vaccines that may prevent S. aureus infections. Several research groups tested putative protein or carbohydrate vaccine antigens for their protective efficacy in animal models. However, clinical trials that examined the protective immunity of these antigens have thus far failed. In this thesis, we pursued new research avenues to develop staphylococcal vaccines, exploring antibody-mediated inhibition of heme-iron scavenging by staphylococci during animal infection. Moreover, we sought to neutralize the immune suppressive attributes of the S. aureus B cell superantigen, designated staphylococcal protein A (SpA). By engineering a non-toxigenic form of this envelope polypeptide, we observed neutralization of B-cell superantigen activity as well as adaptive immune responses that prevent the establishment of staphylococcal infections in experimental animals. Guided by this discovery, we generated S. aureus strains that lack the aforementioned immune suppressive attributes of the pathogen and elicit protective immune responses in animals. Analysis of hyper-immune sera of animals inoculated with such staphylococcal variants was used to derive a new experimental strategy, here designated genetic vaccinology, which enables the identification of key protective antigens. When combined with non-toxigenic protein A, a mixture of these antigens provides protective immune responses against staphylococcal abscess formation and sepsis.

ISBN: 9781124535821Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017734
Biology, Microbiology.

The development of a vaccine against Staphylococcus aureus.
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100 1 $a Kim, Hwan Keun. $3 1680655
245 1 4 $a The development of a vaccine against Staphylococcus aureus.
300 $a 126 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 72-06, Section: B, page: .
500 $a Adviser: Juliane Bubeck-Wardenburg.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Chicago, 2011.
520 $a Staphylococcus aureus causes significant morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Emergence of multiple antibiotic resistant strains in both hospital- and community-acquired staphylococcal infections limits possible treatment options and threatens healthcare to return to the pre-antibiotic era. Vancomycin is the antibiotic of last resort to cure methicillin (drug)-resistant S. aureus infections, however strains resistant to this compound have already been isolated. To address these issues, much effort has been directed at developing vaccines that may prevent S. aureus infections. Several research groups tested putative protein or carbohydrate vaccine antigens for their protective efficacy in animal models. However, clinical trials that examined the protective immunity of these antigens have thus far failed. In this thesis, we pursued new research avenues to develop staphylococcal vaccines, exploring antibody-mediated inhibition of heme-iron scavenging by staphylococci during animal infection. Moreover, we sought to neutralize the immune suppressive attributes of the S. aureus B cell superantigen, designated staphylococcal protein A (SpA). By engineering a non-toxigenic form of this envelope polypeptide, we observed neutralization of B-cell superantigen activity as well as adaptive immune responses that prevent the establishment of staphylococcal infections in experimental animals. Guided by this discovery, we generated S. aureus strains that lack the aforementioned immune suppressive attributes of the pathogen and elicit protective immune responses in animals. Analysis of hyper-immune sera of animals inoculated with such staphylococcal variants was used to derive a new experimental strategy, here designated genetic vaccinology, which enables the identification of key protective antigens. When combined with non-toxigenic protein A, a mixture of these antigens provides protective immune responses against staphylococcal abscess formation and sepsis.
590 $a School code: 0330.
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710 2 $a The University of Chicago. $b Microbiology. $3 1680656
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 72-06B.
790 1 0 $a Bubeck-Wardenburg, Juliane, $e advisor
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790 1 0 $a Schneewind, Olaf $e committee member
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856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3445029