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Metabolic engineering of raffinose-f...

Cao, Te.

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Metabolic engineering of raffinose-family oligosaccharides in the phloem reveals alterations in patterns of carbon partitioning and enhances resistance to green peach aphid.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Metabolic engineering of raffinose-family oligosaccharides in the phloem reveals alterations in patterns of carbon partitioning and enhances resistance to green peach aphid./
Author:	Cao, Te.
Description:	76 p.
Notes:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 49-03, page: 1826.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International49-03.
Subject:	Biology, Botany. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=1487282
ISBN:	9781124364506

Metabolic engineering of raffinose-family oligosaccharides in the phloem reveals alterations in patterns of carbon partitioning and enhances resistance to green peach aphid.
Cao, Te.

Metabolic engineering of raffinose-family oligosaccharides in the phloem reveals alterations in patterns of carbon partitioning and enhances resistance to green peach aphid. - 76 p.

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 49-03, page: 1826.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of North Texas, 2010.

Phloem transport is along hydrostatic pressure gradients generated by differences in solute concentration between source and sink tissues. Numerous species accumulate raffinose-family oligosaccharides (RFOs) in the phloem of mature leaves to accentuate the pressure gradient between source and sinks. In this study, metabolic engineering was used to generate RFOs at the inception of the translocation stream of Arabidopsis thaliana, which transports predominantly sucrose. To do this, three genes, GALACTINOL SYNTHASE, RAFFINOSE SYNTHASE and STACHYOSE SYNTHASE, were expressed from promoters specific to the companion cells of minor veins. Two transgenic lines homozygous for all three genes (GRS63 and GRS47) were selected for further analysis. Sugars were extracted and quantified by high performance anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD), and 21-day old plants of both lines had levels of galactinol, raffinose, and stachyose approaching 50% of total soluble sugar. All three exotic sugars were also identified in phloem exudates from excised leaves of transgenic plants whereas levels were negligible in exudates from wild type leaves. Differences in starch accumulation or degradation between wild type and GRS63 and GRS47 lines were not observed. Similarly, there were no differences in vegetative growth between wild type and engineered plants, but engineered plants flowered earlier. Finally, since the sugar composition of the phloem translocation stream is altered in these plants, we tested for aphid feeding. When green peach aphids were given a choice between WT and transgenic plants, WT plants were preferred. When aphids were reared on only WT or only transgenic plants, aphid fecundity was reduced on the transgenic plants. When aphids were fed on artificial media with and without RFOs, aphid reproduction did not show differences, suggesting the aphid resistance is not a direct effect of the exotic sugars.

ISBN: 9781124364506Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017825
Biology, Botany.

Metabolic engineering of raffinose-family oligosaccharides in the phloem reveals alterations in patterns of carbon partitioning and enhances resistance to green peach aphid.
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020 $a 9781124364506
035 $a (UMI)AAI1487282
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100 1 $a Cao, Te. $3 1676177
245 1 0 $a Metabolic engineering of raffinose-family oligosaccharides in the phloem reveals alterations in patterns of carbon partitioning and enhances resistance to green peach aphid.
300 $a 76 p.
500 $a Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 49-03, page: 1826.
500 $a Adviser: Brian G. Ayre.
502 $a Thesis (M.S.)--University of North Texas, 2010.
520 $a Phloem transport is along hydrostatic pressure gradients generated by differences in solute concentration between source and sink tissues. Numerous species accumulate raffinose-family oligosaccharides (RFOs) in the phloem of mature leaves to accentuate the pressure gradient between source and sinks. In this study, metabolic engineering was used to generate RFOs at the inception of the translocation stream of Arabidopsis thaliana, which transports predominantly sucrose. To do this, three genes, GALACTINOL SYNTHASE, RAFFINOSE SYNTHASE and STACHYOSE SYNTHASE, were expressed from promoters specific to the companion cells of minor veins. Two transgenic lines homozygous for all three genes (GRS63 and GRS47) were selected for further analysis. Sugars were extracted and quantified by high performance anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD), and 21-day old plants of both lines had levels of galactinol, raffinose, and stachyose approaching 50% of total soluble sugar. All three exotic sugars were also identified in phloem exudates from excised leaves of transgenic plants whereas levels were negligible in exudates from wild type leaves. Differences in starch accumulation or degradation between wild type and GRS63 and GRS47 lines were not observed. Similarly, there were no differences in vegetative growth between wild type and engineered plants, but engineered plants flowered earlier. Finally, since the sugar composition of the phloem translocation stream is altered in these plants, we tested for aphid feeding. When green peach aphids were given a choice between WT and transgenic plants, WT plants were preferred. When aphids were reared on only WT or only transgenic plants, aphid fecundity was reduced on the transgenic plants. When aphids were fed on artificial media with and without RFOs, aphid reproduction did not show differences, suggesting the aphid resistance is not a direct effect of the exotic sugars.
590 $a School code: 0158.
650 4 $a Biology, Botany. $3 1017825
650 4 $a Chemistry, Biochemistry. $3 1017722
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710 2 $a University of North Texas. $3 1017396
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792 $a 2010
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