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Effects of subacute ruminal acidose ...

Gozho, George Nhamo.

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Effects of subacute ruminal acidose (SARA) on ruminal lipopolysaccharide release and on inflammation in cattle.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Effects of subacute ruminal acidose (SARA) on ruminal lipopolysaccharide release and on inflammation in cattle./
Author:	Gozho, George Nhamo.
Description:	142 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-02, Section: B, page: 0611.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International67-02B.
Subject:	Agriculture, Animal Culture and Nutrition. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=NR12261
ISBN:	9780494122617

Effects of subacute ruminal acidose (SARA) on ruminal lipopolysaccharide release and on inflammation in cattle.
Gozho, George Nhamo.

Effects of subacute ruminal acidose (SARA) on ruminal lipopolysaccharide release and on inflammation in cattle. - 142 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-02, Section: B, page: 0611.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Manitoba (Canada), 2006.

Subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) is a common disease in dairy cows fed high concentrate diets. This disease can result in rumenitis, laminitis and sudden death syndrome, but the mechanisms responsible for this are not yet well understood. Roles of the concentration of free lipopolysaccharide (LPS), in the rumen and LPS translocation through the rumen epithelium, especially if the barrier function is compromised by SARA, and inflammation, have been suggested in these mechanisms. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the effects of grain induced SARA in cattle on free ruminal LPS concentration and on major acute phase proteins and other inflammation markers in cattle.

ISBN: 9780494122617Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017857
Agriculture, Animal Culture and Nutrition.

Effects of subacute ruminal acidose (SARA) on ruminal lipopolysaccharide release and on inflammation in cattle.
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020 $a 9780494122617
035 $a (UMI)AAINR12261
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040 $a UMI $c UMI
100 1 $a Gozho, George Nhamo. $3 1271240
245 1 0 $a Effects of subacute ruminal acidose (SARA) on ruminal lipopolysaccharide release and on inflammation in cattle.
300 $a 142 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-02, Section: B, page: 0611.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Manitoba (Canada), 2006.
520 $a Subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) is a common disease in dairy cows fed high concentrate diets. This disease can result in rumenitis, laminitis and sudden death syndrome, but the mechanisms responsible for this are not yet well understood. Roles of the concentration of free lipopolysaccharide (LPS), in the rumen and LPS translocation through the rumen epithelium, especially if the barrier function is compromised by SARA, and inflammation, have been suggested in these mechanisms. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the effects of grain induced SARA in cattle on free ruminal LPS concentration and on major acute phase proteins and other inflammation markers in cattle.
520 $a Subacute ruminal acidosis was induced using a nutritional model in which pellets made of equal amounts of wheat and barley were fed to cattle. Feeding protocols used included restricting other types of feeds during the time the pellets were fed, or mixing pellets to form part of the ration offered to cattle. The pellets were fed to steers adapted to all forage diet (experiment 1), steers gradually adapted to 60% concentrate over 21 days (experiment 2) or to dairy cows after more than 17 wk of feeding a total mixed ration that contained 44% concentrate (experiment 3). Rumen pH was monitored continuously and summarized as average rumen pH, time with pH below 6.0 and 5.6 and area (time x pH) below pH 6 and area below pH 5.6.
520 $a Wheat-barley feeding decreased average rumen pH from 6.49 to 6.19 in experiment 1, from 6.72 to 6.14 in experiment 2, and from 6.24 to 6.01 in experiment 3. Wheat-barley feeding also increased the time with pH below 6.0 from 9 to 589 min/d in experiment 1, from 22 to 600 min/d in experiment 2 and from 460 to 742 min/d in experiment 3. Time with pH below 5.6 increased from 5 to 187 min/d in experiment 1, from 0 to 219 min/d in experiment 2 and from 187 to 309 min/d in experiments 3 with wheat-barley feeding. Free ruminal LPS concentrations increased from 3714 to 12,589 EU/mL in experiment 1, from 6310 to 26,915 EU/mL in experiment 2, and from 22,908 to 128,825 EU/mL in experiment 3 when SARA was induced. Lipopolysaccharide was below detection limit of the assay in peripheral blood but serum amyloid A and haptoglobin concentrations increased from 33.6 to 170.7 mug/mL and 0.43 to 0.79 mg/mL when SARA was induced in experiment 1, and 38 to 163 mug/ml, and 0.53 and 1.40 mg/mL when SARA was induced in experiment 2. In experiment 3, serum amyloid A concentrations increased from 286.8 to 498.9 mug/mL following induction of SARA, but haptoglobin and other markers of inflammation such as fibrinogen, serum copper and differential white blood cell counts were not affected.
520 $a These data demonstrate that inducing SARA in cattle resulting in 3 h or more with pH below 5.6 activates an inflammation response as the host animal's immune system responds to restore homeostatic balance. It is possible that such inflammation results from a combination of tissue injury in the gastrointestinal tract and an increased rate of free ruminal LPS translocation into the pre-hepatic blood circulation.
590 $a School code: 0303.
650 4 $a Agriculture, Animal Culture and Nutrition. $3 1017857
650 4 $a Agriculture, Animal Pathology. $3 1021764
690 $a 0475
690 $a 0476
710 2 $a University of Manitoba (Canada). $3 1018707
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 67-02B.
790 $a 0303
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2006
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=NR12261